{"id":537,"date":"2019-08-15T20:44:19","date_gmt":"2019-08-15T20:44:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pbthomas.com\/thoughts\/?p=537"},"modified":"2019-08-15T20:44:19","modified_gmt":"2019-08-15T20:44:19","slug":"old-testament-survey-course-manual","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/pbthomas.com\/thoughts\/?p=537","title":{"rendered":"Old Testament Survey Course Manual"},"content":{"rendered":"

I had the privilege of lecturing to first and second year students at Kaniki Bible University College near Ndola in Zambia this summer. Here is the Old Testament Survey course I delivered.<\/p>\n

Old Testament Survey Students’ Notes PDF corrected<\/a><\/p>\n

This is the text of the course manual.<\/p>\n

A SURVEY OF THE <\/strong><\/p>\n

OLD TESTAMENT<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Kaniki Bible University College 2019<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Course Leader Rev. Peter Thomas<\/p>\n

1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Big Picture<\/h1>\n

1.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Introductions<\/h2>\n

1.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types of literature in the Old Testament<\/h2>\n

1.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Brevard Childs\u2019 Canonical Approach: a post-critical holistic hermeneutic<\/h2>\n

1.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God\u2019s Wonderful Plan of Salvation \u2013 a Whistle-stop Tour<\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. The beginning of God\u2019s promises \u2013 see UNIT 2<\/li>\n
  2. Abraham, Friend of God, and the Patriarchs \u2013 see UNIT 3<\/li>\n
  3. God\u2019s Covenant with Moses and Israel \u2013 see UNIT 4<\/li>\n
  4. Taking Possession of the Promised Land \u2013 see UNIT 6<\/li>\n
  5. The First Kings of Israel \u2013 David\u2019s Rise \u2013 see UNIT 7<\/li>\n
  6. David\u2019s Fall, Solomon, the Temple and the Division of the Kingdoms \u2013 see UNIT 8<\/li>\n
  7. The Story of the Monarchy \u2013 Good Kings and Bad \u2013 a see UNIT 13<\/li>\n
  8. Consequences \u2013 Judah is Taken Into Exile \u2013 see UNIT 14<\/li>\n
  9. Return and Rebuilding \u2013 see UNIT 15<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

    1.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God\u2019s relationships with human beings \u2013 the Covenants<\/h2>\n

     <\/p>\n

    SEE THE TABLE ON THE OPPOSITE PAGE<\/strong><\/p>\n

    The word covenant (berit<\/em>) appears 285 times in the Old Testament. A covenant is a solemn commitment, guaranteeing the promises or obligations of one or both of the parties in the covenant. God made wonderful promises to Abraham and his descendants, to Moses and the Israelites, and to David. These rest on God\u2019s hesed, <\/em>variously translated as God\u2019s \u201csteadfast love\u201d, \u201ccovenant faithfulness\u201d, \u201cloving-kindness\u201d or \u201cloyalty\u201d. Hesed<\/em> appears 248x in OT (with 100x just in Psalms). God\u2019s steadfast love never fails, even when his chosen people are unfaithful to God. All those promises are now fulfilled through Jesus who shares those amazing blessings with us, who put our trust in Him.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    1.6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Introducing the Essays UNIT 17, the Seminar UNIT 18 and Words of Eternal Life UNIT 19<\/h2>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Salvation History<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n

    		References<\/strong><\/td>\nPeople <\/strong><\/td>\nBlessings<\/strong><\/td>\nCommand<\/strong><\/td>\nConditions<\/strong><\/td>\nSign of the Covenant<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Creation<\/strong><\/td>\nGen 1:26-28; 2:4-25<\/em><\/td>\nAdam and Eve<\/td>\nFruitfulness<\/td>\nBe the image of God and rule the earth<\/td>\nCare for creation \u2013 not eat fruit of the tree<\/td>\nWalking with God<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    The Fall<\/strong><\/td>\nGenesis 3<\/em><\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Flood<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n

    		Gen 6:17-22; 9:8-17<\/em><\/td>\nNoah and his descendants<\/td>\nThere will never be another flood<\/td>\nBe fruitful and fill the earth<\/td>\nNot shedding human blood<\/td>\nRainbow<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Abraham<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n

    		Gen 12:1-3; 15:1-20; <\/em><\/p>\n

    17:1-14; 22:16-18<\/em><\/td>\n

    		Abraham and his descendants<\/td>\nLand; innumerable descendants; a great nation<\/td>\nBe a witness and blessing to the other nations<\/td>\nHoliness<\/td>\nCircumcision<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    (Promises repeated to Isaac & Jacob)<\/strong><\/td>\nGenesis 26:2-5\u00a0 and 28:10-15<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Moses <\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n

    		Exodus 3:4-15; 6:7-8; 19:5-6<\/em><\/td>\nMoses and the Israelites<\/td>\nTo be a Holy Nation.<\/p>\n

    God dwells among them.<\/td>\n

    		God\u2019s chosen people, a kingdom of priests<\/p>\n

     <\/td>\n

    		Obey the Law and sacrificial system<\/td>\nPassover and sacrifices<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Covenant with Israel renewed<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n

    		Exodus 34:4-14<\/em><\/p>\n

    Deuteronomy 29:1-30:20<\/em><\/td>\n

    		 <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    David<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n

    		2 Samuel 7:8-19<\/em><\/p>\n

    Psalm 132:11-12<\/em><\/td>\n

    		David and his descendants<\/td>\nLand; a great name and dynasty;<\/p>\n

    God dwelling in the Temple<\/td>\n

    		To be a royal empire<\/td>\nConditions in Psalm 89:19-37;<\/td>\nTemple which Solomon would build<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Promise of a New Covenant<\/strong><\/td>\nJeremiah 31:31-34<\/em><\/p>\n

    Ezek 36:22-29<\/em><\/p>\n

    Isaiah 42:6-7<\/em><\/td>\n

    		 <\/td>\nLaw internalised; cleansing;<\/p>\n

    a new heart; a new spirit.<\/td>\n

    		 <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    The New Covenant in Christ<\/strong><\/td>\nHeb. 7:22; 8:6\u201310:31; 12:18\u201324; 13:20<\/td>\nCommunity of faith<\/td>\nEternal blessings<\/td>\n\u201cRepent and believe the good news.\u201d<\/em> (Mark 1:15)<\/td>\nConditions fulfilled in Christ\u2019s death<\/td>\nBread and wine in communion<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    THE COVENANTS IN THE <\/strong>OLD TESTAMENT<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    READING <\/strong><\/p>\n

    Articles and Extracts which are available in course folders are indicated by (FOLDER).<\/p>\n

    Course reading is prioritised as follows:<\/p>\n

    Required Reading<\/u> <\/strong>\u2013 you should do your best to read this at some point before or after the lecture.<\/p>\n

    Recommended Reading <\/strong>\u2013 the material to read first if you want to explore a particular subject further.<\/p>\n

    Suggested Reading \u2013 other material to move on to after you have read the Recommended Reading.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    READING FOR THE WHOLE COURSE<\/strong><\/p>\n

    The following are reference or general books containing articles or chapters relating to this course. Particular chapters, articles or pages will be recommended in each unit but you will want to find relevant chapters in other books for yourself.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Tremper Longman III\u00a0 Old Testament Essentials Creation, Conquest, Exile and Return<\/em> IVP 2014<\/strong><\/p>\n

    G.D.Fee and D.Stuart\u00a0 How to Read the Bible Book by Book <\/em>(4th<\/sup> Edition Zondervan 2014) <\/strong><\/p>\n

    J Goldingay<\/strong> An Introduction to the Old Testament<\/em><\/strong>: Exploring Text Approaches and Issues <\/strong><\/em>IVP 2016<\/strong><\/p>\n

    IVP New Bible Dictionary<\/em> 3rd<\/sup> edition\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

    John Drane Introducing the Old Testament<\/em><\/p>\n

    Alec Motyer A Christian\u2019s Pocket Guide to Loving the Old Testament <\/em>\u00a0Christian Focus Publications 2015<\/p>\n

    G.D.Fee and D.Stuart\u00a0 How to Read the Bible For All Its Worth <\/em>(4th<\/sup> Edition Zondervan 2014)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    You will want to look at relevant sections of commentaries on individual books, but starting with <\/strong><\/p>\n

    IVP New Bible Commentary <\/em>3rd<\/sup> edition 1996.<\/strong><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    READING FOR UNIT 1<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Books, articles and extracts are generally listed in the order in which they should be read.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart How to Read the Bible Book by Book<\/em> Zondervan 2002 pp 14-23<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Peter Thomas A Defence of Brevard Childs’s Canonical Approach<\/em> Essay London Bible College 1994<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Alec Motyer A Christian\u2019s Pocket Guide to Loving the Old Testament <\/em>\u00a0Christian Focus\u00a0 2015 chapter 8<\/strong><\/p>\n

    John Goldingay An Introduction to the Old Testament<\/em> IVP 2016 pages 38-39<\/strong><\/p>\n

    IVP New Bible Dictionary<\/em> 3rd<\/sup> edition article on Covenant<\/em> <\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    B.S. Childs Introduction to the Old Testament as Scripture<\/em> (1979)<\/p>\n

    2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>In the Beginning \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 GENESIS<\/strong><\/h1>\n

    2.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Authorship and Date of the Pentateuch<\/h2>\n

    2.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 How it all began<\/h2>\n

    2.2.1\u00a0\u00a0 Creation Genesis 1-2<\/h3>\n

    2.2.2\u00a0\u00a0 God created Adam and Eve in his image Genesis 1:27-30<\/h3>\n

    2.2.3\u00a0\u00a0 God\u2019s Covenant with Adam and Eve\u00a0 Genesis 2:15-17<\/h3>\n

    2.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Where it all went wrong<\/h2>\n

    2.3.1\u00a0\u00a0 Adam and Eve disobey God Genesis 3:1-13<\/h3>\n

    2.3.2\u00a0\u00a0 Judgment on sin and the seed of hope Genesis 3:15<\/h3>\n

    2.3.3\u00a0\u00a0 (Cain and Abel Genesis 4:1-17)<\/h3>\n

    2.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Noah and the Flood Genesis 6:1-9:17<\/h2>\n

    2.4.1\u00a0\u00a0 God\u2019s judgment on wickedness Genesis 6:11-13, 18, 22<\/h3>\n

    2.4.2\u00a0\u00a0 But God remembered Noah! <\/em>Genesis 8:1<\/h3>\n

    2.4.3\u00a0\u00a0 God\u2019s Covenant with Noah Genesis 9:1-17<\/h3>\n

    2.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Tower of Babel Genesis 11:1-9<\/h2>\n

    2.6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Important topics<\/h2>\n

    2.6.1\u00a0\u00a0 What does it mean to be made in the image of God?<\/h3>\n

    2.6.2\u00a0\u00a0 The Creation Ordinance of Marriage<\/h3>\n

    2.6.3\u00a0\u00a0 Creation and Evolution \u2013 the Bible and Science SEE UNIT 18 SEMINAR<\/h3>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    READING FOR UNIT 2<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart How to Read the Bible Book by Book<\/em> Zondervan 2002 pp 24-33<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Tremper Longman III\u00a0 Old Testament Essentials Creation, Conquest, Exile and Return<\/em> IVP 2014 chapters 1 and 2<\/p>\n

    IVP New Bible Dictionary<\/em> 3rd<\/sup> edition articles on Creation <\/em>and Fall<\/em> <\/strong><\/p>\n

    3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gods Covenant with Abraham & the Patriarchs\u00a0\u00a0 GENESIS<\/strong><\/h1>\n

    3.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Abraham \u2013 Friend of God (James 2:23, Isaiah 41:8) (c.2000-1825 BC)<\/h2>\n

    3.1.1\u00a0\u00a0 God calls Abraham and Abraham obeys God Genesis 12:1-5<\/h3>\n

    3.1.2\u00a0\u00a0 (Abraham meets Melchizedek\u00a0 Genesis 14:18-20)<\/h3>\n

    3.1.3\u00a0\u00a0 God\u2019s promises to Abraham many descendants and his own land Genesis 15:1, 5-7<\/h3>\n

    3.1.4\u00a0\u00a0 God \u201ccuts the covenant\u201d and swears his oath to Abraham Genesis 15:8-19<\/h3>\n

    3.1.5\u00a0\u00a0 God makes a covenant with Abraham Genesis 17:1-8<\/h3>\n

    \u2018I am God Almighty; walk before me faithfully and be blameless. Then I will make my covenant
    \nbetween me and you and will greatly increase your numbers.\u2019<\/em> (Genesis 17:1-2)<\/p>\n

    3.1.6\u00a0\u00a0 Circumcision as the sign of the covenant Genesis 17:9-14<\/h3>\n

    3.1.7\u00a0\u00a0 (God promises a son to Sarah Genesis 17:15-22)<\/h3>\n

    3.1.8\u00a0\u00a0 (Abraham shows hospitality and intercedes for Sodom Genesis 18)<\/h3>\n

    3.1.9\u00a0\u00a0 (God destroys Sodom and Gomorrah Genesis 19)<\/h3>\n

    3.1.10\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Abraham and Sarah\u2019s miracle baby Isaac is born Genesis 21:1-7<\/h3>\n

    3.1.11\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God test\u2019s Abraham\u2019s faith Genesis 22:1-14<\/h3>\n

    3.1.12\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God repeats his promises to Abraham Genesis 22:15-18<\/h3>\n

    3.1.13\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God blessed Abraham in every way Genesis 24:1; 25:5-7;<\/h3>\n

    3.1.14\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Abraham gives us an example of faith and obedience Hebrews 11:8-12<\/h3>\n

     <\/p>\n

    3.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Patriarchs, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, the ancestors of the Israelites<\/h2>\n

    3.2.1\u00a0\u00a0 Esau sells his birthright to Jacob Genesis 25:19-34<\/h3>\n

    3.2.2\u00a0\u00a0 God repeats his promises to Isaac Genesis 26:2-5\u00a0 (c.1900-1720 BC)<\/h3>\n

    3.2.3\u00a0\u00a0 Jacob steals Esau\u2019s blessing Genesis 27:1-41\u00a0 (c.1800-1700 BC)<\/h3>\n

    3.2.4\u00a0\u00a0 Stairway to heaven: God repeats his promises to Jacob Genesis 28:10-15<\/h3>\n

    3.2.5\u00a0\u00a0 Jacob wrestles with God Genesis 32:22-32<\/h3>\n

    3.2.6\u00a0\u00a0 The story of Joseph Genesis 37-50<\/h3>\n

    3.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hermeneutics and how to interpret historical narratives<\/h2>\n

     <\/p>\n

    READING FOR UNIT 3<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart How to Read the Bible Book by Book<\/em> Zondervan 2002 pp 24-33<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Tremper Longman III\u00a0 Old Testament Essentials Creation \u2026. <\/em>IVP 2014 chapters 3, 4 and 5.<\/p>\n

    IVP New Bible Dictionary<\/em> 3rd<\/sup> edition\u00a0 article on Abraham<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Great Escape \u2013 the Events of Salvation\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 EXODUS<\/strong><\/h1>\n

    4.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God calls Moses<\/h2>\n

    4.1.1\u00a0\u00a0 The baby Moses Exodus 1:1-2:10\u00a0 (c.1350 BC)<\/h3>\n

    4.1.2\u00a0\u00a0 God appears to Moses in the Burning Bush Exodus 2:11-3:10\u00a0 (c.1270 BC)<\/h3>\n

    4.1.3\u00a0\u00a0 God reveals His Name to Moses Exodus 3:11-17<\/h3>\n

    4.1.4\u00a0\u00a0 God gives Moses signs, and Aaron to speak for Him. Exodus 4:1-17<\/h3>\n

    4.1.5\u00a0\u00a0 God renews his Covenant with Abraham\u2019s Descendants\u00a0 Exodus 6:1-8<\/h3>\n

    4.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 c The Ten Plagues on Egypt (c.1260 BC)<\/h2>\n

    4.2.1\u00a0\u00a0 Pharaoh rejects God\u2019s message Exodus 5:1-5; 7:8-13<\/h3>\n

    4.2.2\u00a0\u00a0 Plagues of judgment on the Egyptians:
    \nExodus 7:14-10:29<\/h3>\n

    Blood; Frogs; Gnats; Flies; Livestock; Boils; Hail; Locusts; Darkness;<\/h3>\n

    4.2.3\u00a0\u00a0 The Passover Exodus 12:1-30<\/h3>\n

    4.2.4\u00a0\u00a0 Judgment on all the gods of Egypt Exodus 12:12<\/h3>\n

    4.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God\u2019s Amazing Salvation The Great Escape<\/h2>\n

    4.3.1\u00a0\u00a0 Exodus 12:31-13:16<\/h3>\n

    4.3.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Crossing the Red Sea Exodus 13:17-15:21 esp. 14:13f 15:1f\u00a0 (APPROX 1260 BC)<\/u><\/h3>\n

    4.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Miraculous provision<\/h2>\n

    4.4.1\u00a0\u00a0 The pillar of cloud and the pillar of fire Exodus 13:21-22<\/h3>\n

    4.4.2\u00a0\u00a0 Manna and Quail Exodus 16<\/h3>\n

    4.4.3\u00a0\u00a0 Water from the Rock Exodus 17:1-7<\/h3>\n

    4.4.4\u00a0\u00a0 Victory over the Amalekites Exodus 17:8-16<\/h3>\n

    4.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God makes his Covenant with the Israelites<\/h2>\n

    4.5.1\u00a0\u00a0 God\u2019s promises Exodus 19:1-8<\/h3>\n

    \u201cNow if you obey me fully and keep my covenant, then out of all nations you will be my treasured possession. Although the whole earth is mine, you will be for me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.\u201d<\/em>(Exodus 19:5-6)<\/h3>\n

    4.5.2\u00a0\u00a0 The Holy Mountain Exodus 19:9-12<\/h3>\n

    4.6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God gives The Law to Moses<\/h2>\n

    4.6.1\u00a0\u00a0 The Ten Commandments Exodus 20:1-8<\/h3>\n

    4.6.2\u00a0\u00a0 The Law Exodus 21:1-23:19<\/h3>\n

    4.6.3\u00a0\u00a0 God\u2019s angel will prepare the way Exodus 23:20-33<\/h3>\n

    4.6.4\u00a0\u00a0 The Covenant is confirmed Exodus 24:1-18<\/h3>\n

    4.6.5\u00a0\u00a0 The Tabernacle, the Ark, the Table and the Lampstand; Exodus 25:1-27:21 see also 35:4-38:31 and 39:32-40:33<\/h3>\n

    4.6.6\u00a0\u00a0 The Priests and the Priestly Garments Exodus 28:1-29:45 see also 39:1-31<\/h3>\n

    4.6.7\u00a0\u00a0 Instructions for worship Exodus 30:1-31:18<\/h3>\n

    4.6.8\u00a0\u00a0 The Law expanded \u2013 the Book of Leviticus<\/h3>\n

    4.7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Israelites break the covenant<\/h2>\n

    4.7.1\u00a0\u00a0 The Golden Calf Exodus 32:1-33:6<\/h3>\n

    4.7.2\u00a0\u00a0 God renews the covenant with the Israelites Exodus 34:1-14<\/h3>\n

    4.7.3\u00a0\u00a0 The Glory of the Lord over the Tabernacle Exodus 40:34-38.<\/h3>\n

     <\/p>\n

    5\u00a0<\/sup><\/em>Then the Lord came down in the cloud and stood there with him and proclaimed his name, the Lord. 6\u00a0<\/sup>And he passed in front of Moses, proclaiming, \u2018The Lord, the Lord, the compassionate and gracious God, slow to anger, abounding in love and faithfulness, 7\u00a0<\/sup>maintaining love to thousands, and forgiving wickedness, rebellion and sin. Yet he does not leave the guilty unpunished; he punishes the children and their children for the sin of the parents to the third and fourth generation.\u2019 <\/em><\/p>\n

    8\u00a0<\/sup><\/em>Moses bowed to the ground at once and worshipped. 9\u00a0<\/sup>\u2018Lord,\u2019 he said, \u2018if I have found favour in your eyes, then let the Lord go with us. Although this is a stiff-necked people, forgive our wickedness and our sin, and take us as your inheritance.\u2019 <\/em><\/p>\n

    10\u00a0<\/sup><\/em>Then the Lord said: \u2018I am making a covenant with you. Before all your people I will do wonders never before done in any nation in all the world. The people you live among will see how awesome is the work that I, the Lord, will do for you. <\/em>\u00a0(Exodus 34:5-10 NIV)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    READING FOR UNIT 4<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart How to Read the Bible Book by Book<\/em> Zondervan 2002 pp 34-42<\/p>\n

    Tremper Longman III\u00a0 Old Testament Essentials Creation, Conquest, Exile and Return<\/em> IVP 2014
    \nChapter 5<\/p>\n

    IVP New Bible Dictionary<\/em> 3rd<\/sup> edition article on Exodus<\/em> <\/strong>rather than Exodus, Book of<\/em><\/p>\n

    5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Law and Holiness\u00a0 \u00a0EXODUS LEVITICUS & DEUTERONOMY<\/strong><\/h1>\n

    5.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Law of Moses \u2013 Covenantal Nomism<\/h2>\n

    5.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Ten Commandments Exodus 20:1-8<\/h2>\n

    5.2.1\u00a0\u00a0 No other gods before me<\/h3>\n

    5.2.2\u00a0\u00a0 No images<\/h3>\n

    5.2.3\u00a0\u00a0 Do not misuse the name of Yahweh<\/h3>\n

    5.2.4\u00a0\u00a0 Keep the Sabbath day holy<\/h3>\n

    5.2.5\u00a0\u00a0 Honour your parents<\/h3>\n

    5.2.6\u00a0\u00a0 No murder<\/h3>\n

    5.2.7\u00a0\u00a0 No adultery<\/h3>\n

    5.2.8\u00a0\u00a0 No stealing<\/h3>\n

    5.2.9\u00a0\u00a0 No false testimony<\/h3>\n

    5.2.10\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 No coveting<\/h3>\n

    5.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God\u2019s provisions for human sinfulness<\/h2>\n

    5.3.1\u00a0\u00a0 The Tabernacle and the Ark of the Covenant<\/h3>\n

    5.3.2\u00a0\u00a0 The Priesthood<\/h3>\n

    5.3.3\u00a0\u00a0 The Sacrifices<\/h3>\n

    5.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The whole of the Law \u2013 Leviticus and Deuteronomy<\/h2>\n

    5.4.1\u00a0\u00a0 Scripture on our hearts Deuteronomy 6<\/h3>\n

    5.4.2\u00a0\u00a0 No compromise Deuteronomy 7<\/h3>\n

    5.4.3\u00a0\u00a0 Remember the Lord your God Deuteronomy 8<\/h3>\n

    5.4.4\u00a0\u00a0 Moses the intercessor Deuteronomy 9<\/h3>\n

    5.4.5\u00a0\u00a0 Who God is and what he has done Deuteronomy 10-11<\/h3>\n

    5.4.6\u00a0\u00a0 Set aside one tenth Deuteronomy 14:22-29<\/h3>\n

    5.4.7\u00a0\u00a0 The year of cancelling debts Deuteronomy 15<\/h3>\n

    5.4.8\u00a0\u00a0 The Levites \u2013 the Lord is their inheritance<\/em> Deuteronomy 18:1-8<\/h3>\n

    5.4.9\u00a0\u00a0 Sanctuary Deuteronomy 19<\/h3>\n

    5.4.10\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Memorial stones Deuteronomy 27:1-8<\/h3>\n

    5.4.11\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The choice between life and death \u2013 Now choose life<\/em> Deuteronomy 29-31<\/h3>\n

    5.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Christians and the Law of Moses<\/h2>\n

    5.5.1\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Jesus fulfilled the Law Matthew 5:17<\/h3>\n

    5.5.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Christians fulfil the law by following Jesus<\/h3>\n

     <\/p>\n

    READING FOR UNIT 5<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart How to Read the Bible Book by Book<\/em> Zondervan 2002 pp 43-48, 55-62
    \nAlec Motyer A Christian\u2019s Pocket Guide to Loving the Old Testament <\/em>Christian Focus 2015 chapter 10.
    \n<\/strong>Tremper Longman III\u00a0 Old Testament Essentials Creation \u2026. <\/em>\u00a0IVP 2014\u00a0 Chapters 8 and 9<\/p>\n

    IVP New Bible Dictionary<\/em> 3rd<\/sup> edition articles on Law, Priests, Sacrifice, Tabernacle<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Taking Possession of Canaan NUMBERS JOSHUA JUDGES<\/strong><\/h1>\n

    6.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Wilderness Wanderings<\/h2>\n

    6.1.1\u00a0\u00a0 The spies in Canaan Numbers 13 Deuteronomy 1<\/h3>\n

    6.1.2\u00a0\u00a0 The people rebel against God and will be punished for 40 years Numbers 14<\/h3>\n

    6.1.3\u00a0\u00a0 Korah\u2019s rebellion Numbers 16<\/h3>\n

    6.1.4\u00a0\u00a0 Water from the rock and God\u2019s judgment on Moses Numbers 20<\/h3>\n

    6.1.5\u00a0\u00a0 The bronze snake Numbers 21\u00a0 (c.f. John 3:14)<\/h3>\n

    6.1.6\u00a0\u00a0 Balaam\u2019s donkey Numbers 22-24<\/h3>\n

    6.1.7\u00a0\u00a0 Offerings, the Passover, the Feast of Weeks, the Day of Atonement, the Feast of Tabernacles Numbers 28-29<\/h3>\n

    6.1.8\u00a0\u00a0 Cities of Refuge Numbers 35<\/h3>\n

     <\/p>\n

    6.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Joshua \u2013 from approx. 1220 BC<\/h2>\n

    6.2.1\u00a0\u00a0 God commissions Joshua Joshua 1<\/h3>\n

    6.2.2\u00a0\u00a0 Rahab and the spies Joshua 2<\/h3>\n

    6.2.3\u00a0\u00a0 Crossing the Jordan and the stones of remembrance Joshua 3-4<\/h3>\n

    6.2.4\u00a0\u00a0 The fall of Jericho Joshua 5:13-6:27<\/h3>\n

    6.2.5\u00a0\u00a0 Achan\u2019s sin Joshua 7<\/h3>\n

    6.2.6\u00a0\u00a0 The sun stands still in the sky Joshua 10<\/h3>\n

    6.2.7\u00a0\u00a0 The Israelites take possession of the Land Joshua 10-12<\/h3>\n

    6.2.8\u00a0\u00a0 The Land is divided between the Twelve Tribes of Israel Joshua 13-19, 21<\/h3>\n

    6.2.9\u00a0\u00a0 Joshua\u2019s farewell and renewing the covenant Joshua 23-24<\/h3>\n

     <\/p>\n

    6.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Judges<\/h2>\n

    6.3.1\u00a0\u00a0 Israel takes possession of the rest of the Land Judges 1<\/h3>\n

    6.3.2\u00a0\u00a0 The Israelites forget God Judges 2-3<\/h3>\n

    6.3.3\u00a0\u00a0 Ehud the deliverer Judges 3:12-30<\/h3>\n

    6.3.4\u00a0\u00a0 Deborah the prophet Judges 4-5\u00a0 (c.1125 BC)<\/h3>\n

    6.3.5\u00a0\u00a0 Gideon the mighty warrior Judges 6-8<\/h3>\n

    6.3.6\u00a0\u00a0 Samson Judges 13-16<\/h3>\n

    6.3.7\u00a0\u00a0 Conflicts between the Tribes Judges 19-31. Everyone did as they saw fit<\/em> (21:35)<\/h3>\n

     <\/p>\n

    6.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Learning to Trust is God to Act<\/h2>\n

     <\/p>\n

    6.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Problem of Violence in the Old Testament<\/h2>\n

    6.5.1\u00a0\u00a0 Acts of violence attributed to God \u2013 the plagues on Egypt and the Red Sea<\/h3>\n

    6.5.2\u00a0\u00a0 Acts of violence commanded by God Joshua 6:21;\u00a0 Deuteronomy 7<\/h3>\n

    6.5.3\u00a0\u00a0 The importance of holiness for God\u2019s chosen people<\/h3>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    AN EXCURSUS ON THE SOVEREIGNTY OF GOD \u2013 WHO IS IN CONTROL?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    There is an issue we will come across many times in our study of the Old Testament, from the events of the plagues on Egypt and the Crossing of the Red Sea, right through to the Exile of Judah into Babylon and their Return and Rebuilding of Jerusalem. It is the glorious truth of the Sovereignty of God.<\/p>\n

    In Ezra 1:1 we read, In the first year of Cyrus king of Persia, in order to fulfil the word of the Lord spoken by Jeremiah, the Lord moved the heart of Cyrus king of Persia to make a proclamation throughout his realm and to put it in writing. <\/em>Cyrus the King of Persia was not a follower of Yahweh the God of Israel. He was not a believer. Yet God moved Cyrus to allow the Exiles to return and rebuild Jerusalem and the Temple in Jerusalem. And God can do that because God is in control, God is Lord, God is Sovereign. God is the Creator and Sustainer and Lord of all things. He can cause even people who do not believe in Him to do His bidding and fulfil His plans. Even Kings and Rulers as important as Cyrus King of Persia! Because behin<\/strong>d the scenes God is continually “causing” some events to occur, and “allowing” other events to occur to properly set in motion the proper sequence of events that has to occur in “domino fashion” for everything to fall in place according to His perfect master-plan. <\/strong><\/p>\n

    Centuries beforehand, Isaiah had foretold those events.
    \n<\/strong>This is what the Lord says\u2014your Redeemer, who formed you in the womb: \u201cI am the Lord, who has made all things, who alone stretched out the heavens, who spread out the earth by myself, who says of Jerusalem, \u2018It shall be inhabited,\u2019 of the towns of Judah, \u2018They shall be built,\u2019 and of their ruins, \u2018I will restore them,\u2019 who says to the watery deep, \u2018Be dry, and I will dry up your streams,\u2019 who says of Cyrus, \u2018He is my shepherd and will accomplish all that I please;he will say of Jerusalem, \u201cLet it be rebuilt,\u201d and of the temple, \u201cLet its foundations be laid.\u201d \u2019
    \n<\/em>\u201cThis is what the Lord says to his anointed, to Cyrus, whose right hand I take hold of to subdue nations before him and to strip kings of their armour, to open doors before him so that gates will not be shut: I will go before you and will level the mountains; I will break down gates of bronze and cut through bars of iron.\u201d <\/em>(Isaiah 44:24=28, 45:1-2)<\/p>\n

    God is so great he can appoint even an unbelieving\u00a0 secular ruler to serve his purposes. God is so great he can use even those who do not acknowledge Him to do his will. Because God is in charge. The God of Israel, the Lord, our God, God is Sovereign.<\/p>\n

    The Sovereignty of God: Sovereignty means supremacy, preeminence, taking the first place, absolute, and unique.\u00a0The God of Israel is Sovereign \u2013 he is the ultimate power and authority in the universe! \u00a0<\/sup><\/em>David praised the Lord in the presence of the whole assembly, saying, \u201cPraise be to you, O Lord, God of our father Israel, from everlasting to everlasting. Yours, O Lord, is the greatness and the power and the glory and the majesty and the splendour, for everything in heaven and earth is yours. Yours, O Lord, is the kingdom; you are exalted as head over all. Wealth and honour come from you; you are the ruler of all things. In your hands are strength and power to exalt and give strength to all. <\/em>(1 Chron 29:10-12)<\/p>\n

    Everything in heaven and earth belong to God. God is the ruler of all things. God is Sovereign. Christians, as the Jews before us, have always recognised the Sovereignty of God. In his classic book The Sovereignty of God, A.W.Pink puts it this way.<\/p>\n

    \u201cWhat do we mean by [the sovereignty of God]? We mean the supremacy of God, the kingship of God, the god-hood of God. To say that God is Sovereign is to declare that God is God. To say that God is Sovereign is to declare that He is the Most High, doing according to His will in the army of Heaven, and among the inhabitants of the earth, so that none can stay His hand or say unto Him what doest Thou? (Dan. 4:35). To say that God is Sovereign is to declare that He is the Almighty, the Possessor of all power in Heaven and earth, so that none can defeat His counsels, thwart His purpose, or resist His will (Psa. 115:3). To say that God is Sovereign is to declare that He is “The Governor among the nations”<\/em> (Psa. 22:28), setting up kingdoms, overthrowing empires, and determining the course of dynasties as pleaseth Him best. To say that God is Sovereign is to declare that He is the “Only Potentate, the King of kings, and Lord of lords” <\/em>(1 Tim. 6:15). Such is the God of the Bible.\u201d<\/p>\n

    God rules over all that He created.\u00a0 God was the Sovereign ruler over all His creation. He controls the seasons and the weather, all the storms and floods and earthquakes and volcanos. The LORD has established His throne in the heavens; And His kingdom rules over the Universe.<\/em> (Psalm 103:19)
    \nFor I know that the LORD is great, And that our Lord is above all gods. Whatever the LORD pleases, He does, In heaven and in earth, in the seas and in all deeps.<\/em> (Psalm 135:5-6, NAS)<\/p>\n

    God is ruler over all nations and kings and human authorities who determines the appointed times and boundaries of every nation on earth. (Acts 17:24-26) God in His Sovereignty raises one government leader up and puts another down. But God is the Judge; He puts down one, and exalts another.<\/em> (Psalm 75:7, NAS)\u00a0 \u201cAnd it is He who changes the times and the epochs; He removes kings and establishes kings; He gives wisdom to wise men, And knowledge to men of understanding. <\/em>(Daniel 2:21, NAS) God is infinitely elevated above the highest creature. He is the Most High, Lord of heaven and earth. Subject to none, influenced by none, absolutely independent; God does as He pleases, only as He pleases always as He pleases. None can thwart Him, none can hinder Him. Divine sovereignty means that God is God in fact, as well as in name, that He is on the Throne of the universe (Isaiah 40:12-26). God is in control, directing all things, working all things according to His own will and purposes. God exercises His supremacy \u2013 He is Sovereign.<\/p>\n

    God is sovereign over states and nations and He is Sovereign over each of our lives, and over each and every details of our lives. He is Sovereign over the Time and place of our birth and the time and place and circumstances of our death. God is Sovereign over every detail of our personality. (Psalm 139:1-4, 13-16). God is Sovereign over our jobs, whether we succeed or fail, whether we get promoted. God is Sovereign over our relationships, who we will marry, whether we will have children, what spiritual gifts we may have. In his Sovereignty God has a perfect plan for each of our lives, what Spiritual gifts we will have, the good works he has prepared in advance for us to do. God is the Potter, we are the clay (Jeremiah 18). God is ruler of all things \u2013 God is Sovereign. God is in control!
    \nPeter Thomas 2019<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    READING FOR UNIT 6<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart How to Read the Bible Book by Book<\/em> Zondervan 2002 pp 49-54, 63-77<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Tremper Longman III\u00a0 Old Testament Essentials Creation, Conquest, Exile and Return<\/em> IVP 2014 chapters 7, 10 and 11<\/p>\n

    IVP New Bible Dictionary<\/em> 3rd<\/sup> edition article on Judges, Book of <\/em>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The First Kings of Israel \u2013 David\u2019s Rise\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1 & 2 SAMUEL<\/h1>\n

    7.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Date and author of the Books of 1 and 2 Samuel<\/h2>\n

    7.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The prophet Samuel \u00a0(c.1075 BC onwards)<\/u><\/h2>\n

    7.2.1\u00a0\u00a0 Samuel\u2019s miraculous birth and Hannah\u2019s prayer 1 Samuel 1-2<\/h3>\n

    7.2.2\u00a0\u00a0 God calls Samuel 1 Samuel 3<\/h3>\n

    7.2.3\u00a0\u00a0 The Ark of the Covenant is captured by the Philistines 1 Samuel 4-7<\/h3>\n

     <\/p>\n

    7.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Saul the first King of Israel\u00a0 (ruled c.1045-1011 BC)<\/u><\/h2>\n

    7.3.1\u00a0\u00a0 Israel asks for a King 1 Samuel 8<\/h3>\n

    7.3.2\u00a0\u00a0 Samuel anoints Saul to be King 1 Samuel 9-10<\/h3>\n

    7.3.3\u00a0\u00a0 Samuel\u2019s farewell speech 1 Samuel 12 especially 12:23<\/h3>\n

    7.3.4\u00a0\u00a0 Samuel rebukes Saul for making an offering 1 Samuel 13<\/h3>\n

    7.3.5\u00a0\u00a0 God rejects Saul 1 Samuel 15<\/h3>\n

    7.3.6\u00a0\u00a0 Samuel anoints David to be King 1 Samuel 16<\/h3>\n

    7.3.7\u00a0\u00a0 David and Goliath 1 Samuel 17<\/h3>\n

    7.3.8\u00a0\u00a0 Saul becomes jealous of David and tries to kill him 1 Samuel 18-19<\/h3>\n

    7.3.9\u00a0\u00a0 David\u2019s friendship with Jonathan 1 Samuel 20<\/h3>\n

    7.3.10\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 David eats the consecrated bread 1 Samuel 21<\/h3>\n

    7.3.11\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Saul kills the priests at Nob 1 Samuel 22<\/h3>\n

    7.3.12\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Saul pursues David 1 Samuel 23<\/h3>\n

    7.3.13\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 David spares Saul\u2019s life 1 Samuel 24 and again in 1 Samuel 26<\/h3>\n

    7.3.14\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Saul consults a medium at Endor 1 Samuel 28
    \nc.f. Leviticus 19:31; Leviticus 20:6; Deuteronomy 18:10-11; 1 Chronicles 10:13<\/h3>\n

    7.3.15\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 David destroys the Amalekites 1 Samuel 30<\/h3>\n

    7.3.16\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Saul takes his own life 1 Samuel 31<\/h3>\n

     <\/p>\n

    7.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 David the greatest King of Israel \u00a0(ruled c.1011-971 BC)<\/u><\/h2>\n

    7.4.1\u00a0\u00a0 David mourns for Saul and Jonathan 2 Samuel 1<\/h3>\n

    7.4.2\u00a0\u00a0 David is anointed King over Judah in 2 Samuel 2 and over Israel in 2 Samuel 5<\/h3>\n

    7.4.3\u00a0\u00a0 David conquers Jerusalem 2 Samuel 5:1-12 and defeats the Philistines vv 17-25<\/h3>\n

    7.4.4\u00a0\u00a0 David brings the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem 2 Samuel 6
    \nUzzah is struck dead vv6-7. \u00a0David danced and Michal despised him vv16-23<\/h3>\n

    <\/h3>\n

    7.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God\u2019s Covenant with David and David\u2019s Prayer \u00a02 Samuel 7<\/h2>\n

     <\/p>\n

    7.6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Jerusalem \u2013 the City of David \u2013 See UNIT 17 ESSAY D on Jerusalem<\/h2>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    READING FOR UNIT 7<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart How to Read the Bible Book by Book<\/em> Zondervan 2002 pp 82-90
    \nTremper Longman III\u00a0 Old Testament Essentials Creation, \u2026\u2026<\/em> IVP 2014 chapter 12
    \nIVP New Bible Dictionary<\/em> 3rd<\/sup> edition article on David<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    8\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 David\u2019s Fall, Solomon, the Temple and the Division of the Kingdoms<\/h1>\n

    8.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 David\u2019s Great Failure<\/h2>\n

    8.1.1\u00a0\u00a0 David\u2019s kindness to Mephibosheth 2 Samuel 9<\/h3>\n

    8.1.2\u00a0\u00a0 David and Bathsheba 2 Samuel 11<\/h3>\n

    8.1.3\u00a0\u00a0 Nathan the prophet rebukes David 2 Samuel 12<\/h3>\n

    8.1.4\u00a0\u00a0 Amnon and Tamar 2 Samuel 13<\/h3>\n

    8.1.5\u00a0\u00a0 Absalom conspires against David 2 Samuel 15<\/h3>\n

    8.1.6\u00a0\u00a0 David\u2019s decline 2 Samuel 16-21<\/h3>\n

    8.1.7\u00a0\u00a0 David\u2019s Song of Praise and his Last Words
    \n2 Samuel 22-23<\/h3>\n

    8.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 King Solomon \u00a0(ruled c.971-931 BC)<\/u><\/h2>\n

    8.2.1\u00a0\u00a0 Adonijah rebels against David 1 Kings 1:1-42<\/h3>\n

    8.2.2\u00a0\u00a0 David proclaims Solomon King 1 Kings 1:28-53<\/h3>\n

    8.2.3\u00a0\u00a0 avid\u2019s charge to Solomon 1 Kings 2<\/h3>\n

    8.2.4\u00a0\u00a0 Solomon asks God for Wisdom 1 Kings 3<\/h3>\n

    8.2.5\u00a0\u00a0 Solomon builds the Temple 1 Kings 5:1-8:21
    \n(see parallels in 2 Chronicles 3-4)<\/h3>\n

    8.2.6\u00a0\u00a0 Solomon dedicates the Temple 1 Kings 8:22-66 (parallels 2 Chronicles 6)<\/h3>\n

    8.2.7\u00a0\u00a0 God blesses and warns Solomon 1 Kings 9:1-9<\/h3>\n

    8.2.8\u00a0\u00a0 Solomon and the Queen of Sheba 1 Kings 10<\/h3>\n

    8.2.9\u00a0\u00a0 Solomon fails to follow God completely 1 Kings 11<\/h3>\n

    8.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Solomon\u2019s Temple \u2013 see UNIT 17 Essay E on The Temple<\/h2>\n

    8.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Division of the Kingdom 1 Kings 12 \u00a0(division c 931 BC)<\/u><\/h2>\n

    8.4.1\u00a0\u00a0 Ahijah the prophet foretells the division of the Kingdom 1 Kings 11:29-39<\/h3>\n

    8.4.2\u00a0\u00a0 Jeroboam in the North breaks away from Rehoboam, Solomon\u2019s son, and the South<\/h3>\n

    8.4.3\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Jeroboam leads the Northern Kingdom to worship Golden Calves 1 Kings 12:25-33<\/h3>\n

    8.4.4\u00a0\u00a0 A prophet declares God\u2019s judgment on Jereboam and the North 1 Kings 13:1-6<\/h3>\n

     <\/p>\n

    READING FOR UNIT 8<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart How to Read the Bible Book by Book<\/em> Zondervan 2002 pp 91-97<\/p>\n

    IVP New Bible Dictionary<\/em> 3rd<\/sup> edition article on Solomon<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    9\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Psalms Part 1 \u2013 the Songs of Israel \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PSALMS<\/strong><\/h1>\n

    9.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 What are the Psalms?<\/h2>\n

    9.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Authorship and Date of Composition<\/h2>\n

    9.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 History of Interpretation<\/h2>\n

    9.3.1\u00a0\u00a0 H. Gunkel (1862-1932)<\/h3>\n

    9.3.2\u00a0\u00a0 S. Mowinckel (1884-1965)<\/h3>\n

    9.3.3\u00a0\u00a0 FOR US TODAY:<\/h3>\n

    In Jewish and Christian worship, Psalms have been loosed from any original cultic context they may have had. So there is no real point in digging that back up again. (See Brevard Childs Introduction to the Old Testament as Scripture pp 504-525 esp. 514)<\/p>\n

    9.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Types of Psalms<\/h2>\n

    9.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Songs: Psalms of Praise\u00a0 8, 18, 19, 34, 89, 95<\/u>, 98, 100<\/u>, 105, 111, 130, 145, 147<\/u>, 148, 150<\/h2>\n

    Praise psalms can be either individual or corporate. Over a third of the psalms in the book are praise psalms. Corporate psalms typically begin with an imperative call to praise (e.g., \u201cshout to the Lord\u201d) and describe all the good things the Lord has done. Individual praise often begins with a proclamation of intent to praise (e.g., \u201cI will praise you, O Lord\u201d) and declare what God has done in a particular situation in the psalmist\u2019s life. The God of Israel is to be praised for His work in nature (Psalm 19:1<\/a>;\u00a089:5<\/a>;\u00a0148:3<\/a>), His deliverance of His people (Psalm 18:10<\/a>;\u00a0111:9<\/a>), and His wonderful attributes, such as lovingkindness and patience (Psalm 89:13\u201314<\/a>;\u00a0130:7<\/a>).<\/p>\n

    9.6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Songs: Psalms of Thanksgiving 30, 103<\/u>, 104<\/u>, 107, 117, 118, 136<\/u>, 138, 139,<\/h2>\n

    9.7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Songs: Declaring confidence in God\u00a0 23<\/u>, 27<\/u>, 28, 37, 42, 46<\/u>, 56, 145<\/h2>\n

    9.8\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Songs: Liturgical Psalms<\/h2>\n

    Psalms playing a part in the religious life \/ the cult of Israel. The reconstructed New Year enthronement festival\u00a0 c.f. ANE analogies, Enuma elish\u00a0\u00a0 47,93, 95-100<\/p>\n

    9.9\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Royal Psalms and Messianic Psalms 2, 18, 20, 21, 45, 72, 89, 101, 110, 118, 132.<\/h2>\n

    Blessings on the current king AND future eschatological hope –\u00a0 the reigning king now and the future great king will bring righteousness, victory, prosperity, justice, especially for the poor and oppressed. Including the Messianic Psalms 2:6-7, 18:20-30, 110<\/p>\n

    9.10\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Wisdom Psalms<\/h2>\n

    Wisdom Psalms 1, 32, 24, 37, 49, 112, 119, 128. \u201cBlessed is \u2026\u201d sayings and exhortations<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    READING FOR UNITS 10 and 11 at the end of Unit 11<\/strong><\/p>\n

    10\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Psalms Part 2 \u2013 The Prayers of Israel \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PSALMS<\/strong><\/h1>\n

    10.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Theology of the Psalms<\/h2>\n

    \u201cThe Lord<\/strong> is the Creator (8, 104). It is the ground of his present sovereign rule over all things as King (29, 96\u201399). The righteousness of his rule is predominant (11, 75) in his divine Kingship (145) righteousness is only one strand in a threefold cord along with greatness and grace. The goodness of God (34) is inseparable from his holiness (103) and finds its counterpart in his wrath (38). He is universal in his rule (67) and particular in his choice of Israel (87), as shown by the messianic David, king of Israel and of the world (2, 72, 110). Both to his people as a whole (80) and to the individual (23), the Lord is Shepherd, the basis of confidence in looking to him for deliverance (16, 25, 31), recognizing his attentiveness to his people\u2019s needs (e.g.<\/em> 3, 27).\u201d
    \n(taken from J. A. Motyer, (1994).     The Psalms<\/a>. In D. A. Carson, R. T. France, J. A. Motyer, & G. J. Wenham (Eds.), New Bible commentary: 21st century edition<\/em> (4th ed., p. 487).<\/p>\n

    GOD IN THE PSALMS. Yahweh is creator, warrior, king, judge, saviour and redeemer, shepherd and covenant Lord. God is our Rock and Stronghold\/Fortress.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    God is Creator <\/strong>\u00a0Psalms 8:3; 24:2; 104:1\u201335, 135, 136 (In creation 136:4-9 leads on to covenant 136:10-15.) Theophanies Psa 18, 29.<\/p>\n

    God is King<\/strong> Psa 47, 96, 97, 98, 93:1, 95:3, 89:11 incomparable 18:32, 35:10, 71:19<\/p>\n

    God\u2019s wonderful deeds in Creation and Salvation <\/strong>105:2, 106:7, 145:12, 86:10, 65:5, 78:4, 66:3, 26:6,139.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    God is all-powerful <\/strong>102, 2, 44, 11.<\/p>\n

    God ways<\/strong> reveal God\u2019s character: 25:4, 95:10, 103:7.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    God is our Rock<\/strong> (14x) \u00a0our Stronghold and Fortress<\/strong> (18x)<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    God is God of the Covenant\u00a0 Psalm 89 <\/strong>\u201cGod of Israel\u201d 41:13, 59:6, God of the Patriarchs 46:7, 11 and God of David. See also Psa 105, 44, 89, 132. And personally the God of the Psalmist \u201cmy salvation\u201d 18:46, 25:5.<\/p>\n

    God is the loyal and FAITHFUL God <\/strong>The most important aspect of God\u2019s character in the covenant is HESED: unfailing loyalty and faithfulness mentioned 100 times<\/u> in Psalms \u2013 \u201cthe power which guarantees a covenant and makes it strong and durable\u201d\u00a0 Psa 31:21, 17:17, 107:8, 108. God\u2019s loyalty is the basis of confidence in prayer.<\/p>\n

    God is the God of GRACE in the Psalms<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Exodus 34:5-7 Man is weak Psa 103, 90 and a sinner Psa 130, 143, 19, 69, 90, 51. Grace is revealed through the Law Psa 1, 19, 119. God is present in the Temple. Psalms of Ascents 120-134,\u00a0 5:7 27:4.<\/p>\n

    10.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prayers: Psalms of Lament 22, 38, 59, 69, 109, 143<\/h2>\n

    Lament.<\/strong> Laments may be personal statements of despair, such as that found in Psalm 22:1\u201321, dirges following the death of an important person (David\u2019s elegy for Saul in 2 Sam 1:17\u201327) or communal cries in times of crisis, such as Psalm 137. Lamenting personal suffering 69, 38, Complaint against enemies 109, Complaint against God 22. Describing distress\/misfortune Psa 22:6-18 and crying out for deliverance. Protesting innocence Psa 59, expressing wishes or curses Psa 55:15, 61:4, 106:6, 30, and invoking the character and deeds of Yahweh in pleas for help e.g. Psa 143:1. God\u2019s power helps the poor and needy Psa 113:7. God is my strength, my stronghold, my tower, my rock. Psalms of Lament call out to God for help.<\/p>\n

    10.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prayers: Petitions in the Psalms<\/h2>\n

    Requests for physical deliverance\/rescue, mercy\/ forgiveness, healing, help in war, guidance, rain\/harvest, future blessings, to see God, to dwell in the Temple. e,g, asking God to be attentive 130, and to intervene 3:7. The grounds of petitions include Yahweh\u2019s Name 79:9f, 42:10, Yahweh\u2019s Character 86:15<\/p>\n

    10.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prayers: Psalms of Confession\u00a0 6, 32, 38, 51<\/u>, 102, 130, 143<\/h2>\n

    These seven penitential Psalms have been adopted by the church since Augustine (5th<\/sup> Century).<\/p>\n

    10.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Imprecatory Psalms\u00a0 35:1\u20138; 59; 69<\/u>; 109<\/u>, 137\u00a0 Are they a problem?<\/h2>\n

    In contrast to a background of faith and obedience some feel that the imprecatory psalms <\/strong>(especially 35:1\u20138; 59; 69; 109) pose a moral difficulty. The underlying idea in these passages in the Psalter, where curses and revengeful punishments are invoked upon the enemy, is expressed in 139:21f., \u2018Do I not hate them that hate thee, O Lord? \u2026 I count them my enemies.\u2019 <\/em><\/p>\n

    \u201cThe vigour with which enemies were denounced within the Psalms has ever been a source of difficulty. Has the desire for the sudden destruction of foes (35:8), their death (55:15), the breaking of their teeth (58:6), the destitution (109:10) and massacre of their children (137:9) anything in common with the mind of Christ? There are about 25 psalms which contain such passages. \u2026 In almost every case the imprecation which we find objectionable sits alongside a spirituality we would envy, e.g.<\/em> Psalm 139. \u2026 They are all prayers. There is no suggestion that the psalmists planned vengeful action, nor even that they entertained vengeful thoughts. Their reaction to hurt was to commit the matter to the Lord and leave it there. As J. R. W. Stott remarks (The Canticles and Selected Psalms<\/em> [Hodder & Stoughton, 1966], pp. 11ff.), \u2018I do not find it hard to imagine situations in which holy men of God do and should \u2026 cry to God for vengeance \u2026 and that without any feelings of personal animosity.\u2019\u201d \u00a0J.A. Motyer, (1994). The Psalms<\/a> in IVP New Bible commentary <\/em>\u00a0488<\/p>\n

    10.6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cThe Poor\u201d in the Psalms<\/h2>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    READING FOR UNITS 10 and 11<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. A. Motyer, (1994). The Psalms<\/em>. In D. A. Carson, R. T. France, J. A. Motyer, & G. J. Wenham (Eds.), IVP New Bible commentary: 21st century edition<\/em> (4th ed., p. 487).
      \n<\/strong>IVP New Bible Dictionary<\/em> 3rd<\/sup> edition article on Psalms, Book of <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart How to Read the Bible Book by Book<\/em> Zondervan 2002 pp 130-143<\/strong>
      \n<\/strong>Tremper Longman III\u00a0 Old Testament Essentials Creation \u2026. <\/em>\u00a0IVP 2014 chapter 13
      \n<\/strong>John Goldingay An Introduction to the Old Testament<\/em> IVP 2016 pages 288-323<\/p>\n

      Good commentaries on the Psalms include<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. D. Kidner, Psalms<\/em>, 2 vols, TOTC (IVP, 1975).
        \nP. C. Craigie, Psalms 1\u201350<\/em>, WBC (Word, 1983).
        \nL. C. Allen, Psalms 101\u2013150<\/em>, WBC (Word, 1983)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        See also B.S. Childs Introduction to the Old Testament as Scripture<\/em> (1979)<\/p>\n

        11\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Wisdom Literature \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PROVERBS ECCELSIASTES & JOB<\/strong><\/h1>\n

        <\/h2>\n

        11.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 WHAT IS WISDOM LITERATURE?<\/h2>\n

        <\/h2>\n

        Wisdom literature gives practical rules for personal happiness and well-being. In Proverbs this takes the form of short memorable sayings, including comparisons, poetic synthetic and antithetic parallelisms, numerical sequences, acrostics and alliteration. Ecclesiastes (in a monologue) and Job (in a dialogue) wrestle with big issues like the relationship between God and man, the meaning of life and the problem of suffering. They apply prophetic truth to individual living. Prophets like Amos, Isaiah and Jeremiah also used similar forms of teaching as well as riddles and parables. Wisdom brings together ORTHODOXY, saying the right things, believing the right things and understanding the world properly, and ORTHOPRAXIS, doing the right things and living an upright life.<\/p>\n

        11.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Central Themes<\/h2>\n

        \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

        \u201cThe fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom.\u201d<\/em> (Proverbs 1:7; 9:10; 16:6; 31:30; Ecclesiastes. 5:7; 12:13; Job 28:28).<\/p>\n

        Wisdom is the appropriate response to God\u2019s actions as Creator (Proverbs 3:19\u201320; 8:22\u201331; Job 28 and 38\u201341). So wisdom is relevant to the whole of life with no spiritual-secular divide.<\/p>\n

        Wisdom literature tackles the problems of evil and suffering (theodicy). Proverbs teaches that wise acts generally lead to success and blessing (chapters 1-9) but later chapters illustrate many exceptions (e.g. 15:16; 16:8). Ecclesiastes and Job show that the picture is much more complicated. Job suffers despite being a righteous man. Logic and reason cannot provide answers and wisdom can only ultimately be found in the fear of the Lord.<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        11.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 THE BOOK OF PROVERBS<\/h2>\n

         <\/p>\n

        11.3.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Author and Date<\/h3>\n

         <\/p>\n

        11.3.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Key themes in the Book of Proverbs<\/h3>\n

        Major themes in Proverbs include having the right attitude towards God, pursuing wisdom, the nature of righteousness, avoiding wicked and foolish people and troublemakers, being faithful in marriage and avoiding adultery, being hardworking and not lazy, being a good neighbour and having sound judgment.<\/p>\n

        In fact, Proverbs talks about all kinds of practical topics: an index could include Adultery, Advice, Anger, Arguing, Associates, Children, Covetousness and Envy, Drunkenness, Faith, Faithfulness, Fear of God, Fools and Foolishness, Friends, Generosity, Gluttony and Drunkenness, Greed, Hard Work, Happiness, Hatred, Honour, Hope, Humility, Justice, Judgment, Knowledge, Laziness, Lust, Mercy, Neighbours, Poverty, Pride, Prosperity, Parents, Reproof and Correction, Righteous people and evil people, Rulers and Kings, Seduction, Self-control, Speech, Strength,\u00a0 Things God loves and hates, Truth and Falsehood, Use of wealth, Wise and Foolish People.<\/p>\n

        11.3.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Outline of the Book of Proverbs<\/h3>\n

        Introduction 1:1-7<\/p>\n

        Why wisdom is important \u2013 how to live a moral life<\/p>\n

        To avoid being led astray by evil men 1:8-19<\/p>\n

        Warnings from wisdom 1:29-33<\/p>\n

        Benefits of wisdom 2:1-22<\/p>\n

        Wisdom brings prosperity 3:1-35<\/p>\n

        Advice from a father \u2013 pursue wisdom 4:1-27<\/p>\n

        Avoid adultery 5:1-23<\/p>\n

        Do not be foolish 6:1-19<\/p>\n

        Avoid adultery and the adulterous woman 6:20-7:27<\/p>\n

        Wisdom is the first of God\u2019s works 8:1-36 especially v 22<\/p>\n

        Wisdom and folly 9:1-18<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Proverbs of Solomon 10:1-22:16<\/p>\n

        Thirty Sayings of the wise 22:17-24:22<\/p>\n

        More sayings of the wise 24:23-34<\/p>\n

        More proverbs of Solomon, compiled by Hezekiah 25:1-29:27<\/p>\n

        Sayings of Agur 30:1-33<\/p>\n

        Sayings of Lemuel 31:1-9<\/p>\n

        A Good Wife who can find? 31:9-31<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        11.3.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dare to be wise! Proverbs 1:1-7<\/h3>\n

         <\/p>\n

        11.3.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cLady Wisdom\u201d \u2013 the first of God\u2019s works Proverbs 8<\/h3>\n

         <\/p>\n

        11.3.6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 An example of a theme \u2013 73 verses just on wise and foolish speech<\/h3>\n

         <\/p>\n

        The blessings of wise speech 10:11, 10:20-21, 13:2, 18:4, 18:20, 20:15, 25:11, 16:24, 12:14, 13:14, 15:4, 18:21 of teaching 16:21, 16:23. 15:7, and of good advice 12:15, 11:14, 15:22.<\/p>\n

        The importance of honesty 12:17, 12:19, 16:13, 14:25. 24:26 and kindness\/ gentleness 1:25, 15:1, 15:23 . The value sometimes of remaining silent 11:12, 13:3, 10:19, 17:27-28, 27:14<\/p>\n

        The dangers of foolish talk 12:13, 12:18, 15:2, 10:8-10, of evil talk 6:16-19, of gossip and idle talk 11:13, 17:9, 18:2, 20:19, 26:20, 14:23 and of anger 27:4, 29:22,<\/p>\n

        The perils of mocking 9:7-8, 9:12, quarrelling 17:1, 20:3, 16:28 , 17:14, 26:21,16:18, lying and false witness 12:22, 14:5, 21:28, 25:18, 26:28, of speaking in haste 18:13, 12:23, 12:16 and of nagging 21:9, 25:24, 19:13, 27:15-16.<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        11.3.7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Trust in the Lord with all your heart Proverbs 3:5-6<\/h3>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        11.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 THE BOOK OF ECCLESIASTES<\/h2>\n

         <\/p>\n

        11.4.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Author and Date<\/h3>\n

         <\/p>\n

        11.4.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Central message<\/h3>\n

        Ecclesiastes defends the life of faith by showing the futility of a life lived without God. \u2018God is in heaven and you are on earth\u2019<\/em> (5:2). We must be realistic about life\u2019s hardships but (in contrast to \u201cpessimism literature\u201d of the period) we can find joy by putting our faith in God.\u00a0 \u2018God holds the key to all unknown\u2014but he will not give it to you<\/em>. Since you do not have the key you must trust Him to open the doors\u2019. J. S. Wright Ecclesiastes, The Expositor\u2019s Bible Commentary<\/em>, vol. 5 (Zondervan, 1992)<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        11.4.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Outline of the Book of Ecclesiastes<\/h3>\n

        Everything is meaningless 1:1-11<\/p>\n

        Even wisdom is meaningless 1:12-18<\/p>\n

        Pleasures are meaningless 2:1-11<\/p>\n

        Wisdom and folly have the same end 2:12-16<\/p>\n

        Hard work is meaningless 2:17-26<\/p>\n

        There is a time for everything 3:1-8<\/p>\n

        The best thing to do is be happy and do good 3:9-22<\/p>\n

        Oppression, hard work, being alone, progress 4:1-16<\/p>\n

        Fulfil your vows to God 5:1-7<\/p>\n

        Riches are meaningless 5:8-6:12<\/p>\n

        Wisdom 7:1-8:1<\/p>\n

        Obey the King 8:2-8<\/p>\n

        The righteous and the wicked 8:9-16<\/p>\n

        Enjoy life \u2013 because everybody dies! 9:1-12<\/p>\n

        Wisdom is better than foolishness 9:13-10:20<\/p>\n

        Invest wisely 11:1-6<\/p>\n

        Remember your Creator while you are young 11:7-12:8<\/p>\n

        Conclusions: fear God and keep his commandments 12:9-14<\/p>\n

        11.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 THE BOOK OF JOB<\/h2>\n

        11.5.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Author and Date<\/h3>\n

        11.5.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Central message<\/h3>\n

        The Book of Job does not answer the question of the origin of suffering, or the more specific issue of why specific sufferings come to particular individuals. Jobs friends wrongly suggest that the cause is personal sin but it is clear that Job is blameless (1:1, 6:30; 9:15, 42:7\u20138)\u00a0 and there is no earthly reason for his sufferings. The book makes clear that suffering is not a punishment for wrongdoing.<\/p>\n

        So how should we respond when we suffer? (a) with a calm acceptance of the will of God. \u201cThe Lord gave and the Lord has taken away; may the name of the Lord be praised.\u201d In all this, Job did not sin by charging God with wrongdoing. <\/em>(1:21) (b) Job honestly complains to God (7:11) and demands an explanation, and God praises him for that honesty (42:7-8). Ultimately Job finds his answers in a dramatic encounter with His Creator.<\/p>\n

        11.5.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Outline of the Book of Job<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n
         <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Prologue<\/strong><\/p>\n

        1:1\u20135 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Scene 1: Job and his integrity<\/p>\n

        1:6\u201312 Scene 2: the heavenly gathering<\/p>\n

        1:13\u201322 Scene 3: the first trial<\/p>\n

        2:1\u20136 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Scene 4: the heavenly gathering again<\/p>\n

        2:7\u201313 \u00a0\u00a0 Scene 5: the second trial<\/p>\n

        The dialogue<\/strong><\/p>\n

        3:1\u201326 Job\u2019s first speech, in which he expresses his grief<\/p>\n

        4:1\u20135:27 Eliphaz\u2019s first speech: \u2018Be patient; all will be well\u2019<\/p>\n

        6:1\u20137:21 Job\u2019s second speech: \u2018God, leave me alone\u2019<\/p>\n

        8:1\u201322 Bildad\u2019s first speech: \u2018If you are innocent you will not die\u2019<\/p>\n

        9:1\u201310:22 Job\u2019s third speech, in which he acknowledges he cannot compel God to be just<\/p>\n

        11:1\u201320 Zophar\u2019s first speech: \u2018Repent!\u2019<\/p>\n

        12:1\u201314:22 Job\u2019s fourth speech: the friends\u2019 \u2018wisdom\u2019 and God\u2019s justice<\/p>\n

        15:1\u201335 Eliphaz\u2019s second speech: \u2018Beware the fate of the wicked\u2019<\/p>\n

        16:1\u201317:16 Job\u2019s fifth speech: \u2018Shall I die without vindication?\u2019<\/p>\n

        18:1\u201321 Bildad\u2019s second speech: more on the dreadful fate of the wicked<\/p>\n

        19:1\u201329 Job\u2019s sixth speech, in which he reacts in anger<\/p>\n

        20:1\u201329 Zophar\u2019s second speech: \u2018You must repent or be destroyed\u2019<\/p>\n

        21:1\u201334 Job\u2019s seventh speech: \u2018The wicked prosper and the righteous suffer\u2019<\/p>\n

        22:1\u201330 Eliphaz\u2019s third speech: Job\u2019s great wickedness<\/p>\n

        23:1\u201324:25 Job\u2019s eighth speech: \u2018God should be available regularly\u2019<\/p>\n

        25:1\u20136 Bildad\u2019s third speech: \u2018How can a man be righteous before God?\u2019<\/p>\n

        26:1\u201314 Job\u2019s ninth speech: \u2018Your advice has been useless\u2019<\/p>\n

        27:1\u201328:28 Job\u2019s tenth speech: the wisdom of God<\/p>\n

        29:1\u201331:40 Job\u2019s eleventh speech, in which he reflects upon his woes<\/p>\n

        Elihu\u2019s speeches<\/strong><\/p>\n

        32:1\u201333:33 Elihu\u2019s first speech: \u2018Suffering is a warning from God\u2019<\/p>\n

        34:1\u201337 Elihu\u2019s second speech: \u2018Job is wrong to accuse God of injustice\u2019<\/p>\n

        35:1\u201316 Elihu\u2019s third speech: \u2018Job should not have complained but called to God\u2019<\/p>\n

        36:1\u201337:24 Elihu\u2019s fourth speech: in praise of the power and wisdom of God<\/p>\n

        The Lord\u2019s speeches<\/strong><\/p>\n

        38:1\u201340:2 The Lord\u2019s first speech: \u2018Consider the mystery of creation\u2019<\/p>\n

        40:3\u20135 Job\u2019s first reply: he has nothing to say<\/p>\n

        40:6\u201341:34 The Lord\u2019s second speech: \u2018Consider the power of creation\u2019<\/p>\n

        42:1\u20136 Job\u2019s second reply: his demands turn to worship<\/p>\n

        Epilogue<\/strong><\/p>\n

        42:7\u20139 Vindication before the friends<\/p>\n

        42:10\u201317 Vindication publicly<\/p>\n

         <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

        From D. J. A. Clines(1994). Job<\/a>. In D. A. Carson, R. T. France, J. A. Motyer, & G. J. Wenham (Eds.), New Bible commentary: 21st century edition<\/em> (4th ed., p. 484). Leicester, England; Downers Grove, IL: Inter-Varsity Press.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

         <\/p>\n

        READING FOR UNIT 12<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart How to Read the Bible Book by Book<\/em> Zondervan 2002 119-129, 144-160<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Hubbard, D. A. (1996). Wisdom Literature.<\/em> In D. R. W. Wood, I. H. Marshall, A. R. Millard, J. I. Packer, & D. J. Wiseman (Eds.), New Bible dictionary<\/em> (3rd ed., p. 1246).\u00a0\u00a0 InterVarsity Press.<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Tremper Longman III\u00a0 Old Testament Essentials Creation, Conquest, Exile and Return<\/em> IVP 2014 chapter 14<\/p>\n

        John Goldingay An Introduction to the Old Testament<\/em> IVP 2016 pages324-341<\/p>\n

        12\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Isaiah \u2013 the Gospel in the Old Testament\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0ISAIAH<\/strong><\/h1>\n

        12.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Author and Date<\/h2>\n

        Traditional view is a single book all by the prophet Isaiah c.740-700 BC. No need of a different author for Isaiah 40-66 if we accept prophets can prophesy. 11:6-9 and 65:23 are so similar. \u201cThe Holy One\u00a0 of Israel\u201d 12x in 1-39 and 13x in 40-66. Israel is blind, deaf, \u201cforsakers of the Lord\u201d, \u201cransomed of the Lord\u201d spread between both parts. Chapters 1-39 foretell judgment and need 40-66 to bring hope.<\/h2>\n

        <\/h2>\n

        12.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The message of God\u2019s judgment on the nations and on Israel<\/h2>\n

        12.2.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Judgment on foreign nations chs. 14-21, 23-24, 34<\/h3>\n

        12.2.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Judgment on Judah and Jerusalem Isaiah 3:1-4:1, 5:7-30; 6:11-13; 9:8-10:4; 13:6f especially for making alliances with Egypt instead of trusting in God 22, 30-31.<\/h3>\n

        12.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The call of the prophet Isaiah 6:1-8<\/h2>\n

        12.3.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Seeing God as He is: Sovereign v.1 and Holy vv.2-4<\/h3>\n

        12.3.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Seeing ourselves as sinners v.5<\/h3>\n

        12.3.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Seeing ourselves as forgiven vv.6-7<\/h3>\n

        12.3.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Responding to God\u2019s call v.8<\/h3>\n

        12.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 True fasting Isaiah 58:1-14<\/h2>\n

        <\/h2>\n

        12.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Judgment and an offer of forgiveness Isaiah 1:10-20<\/h2>\n

        <\/h2>\n

        12.6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God is Still on the Throne Isaiah 40<\/h2>\n

        12.6.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prepare the way for the Lord 1- 11<\/h3>\n

        12.6.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God is still on the throne 12-26<\/h3>\n

        12.6.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rising on wings like eagles 27-31<\/h3>\n

        12.7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A New Thing Isaiah 43<\/h2>\n

        12.7.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The unfailing love of God 1-13<\/h3>\n

        12.7.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A new thing 14-28<\/h3>\n

        12.8\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God\u2019s Wonderful Invitation Isaiah 55<\/h2>\n

        <\/h2>\n

        12.9\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God\u2019s promises to Israel<\/h2>\n

        12.9.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Salvation 45:17; Rescue 40:10-11; 35:3-4; Justice 42:1-7; 11:3-4; Cleansing and forgiveness 55:6-7; God\u2019s presence 40:3-5; 60:1-3; 60:19-20;\u00a0 Healing 35:5; Everlasting joy 25:9; 35:10; 55:12<\/h3>\n

        12.10 The Messiah will bring peace Isaiah 11:1-9<\/h2>\n

        12.10.1\u00a0 Perfect Peace Isaiah 26:3-4; 12:2-3; 30:15-17;\u00a0 Psalm 37:3-7; Philippians 4:6-7<\/h3>\n

        12.11 The Mountain of the Lord Isaiah 2:1-5; Isaiah 56:4-7; Isaiah 25:6-8; Isaiah 11:6-9<\/h2>\n

        12.11.1\u00a0 Exodus 19:16-21; Psalm 48:1-3; 24:3-4; 132:13-16; Revelation 21:1-2<\/h3>\n

        12.12 Salvation is for all the nations Isaiah 60:1-6; 2:2-3; 56:3; 49:6-9; 42:6-7; 56:4f<\/h2>\n

        12.12.1\u00a0 Matthew 2:1-12;Isaiah 49:7; Psalm 86:8; Psalm 72:10-15<\/h3>\n

        12.13 The Remnant Isaiah 10:20-23; 11:10-12, 16; 28:5-6; 37:30-32;<\/h2>\n

        12.13.1\u00a0 Jeremiah 23:3-4; 31:7-9; Zephaniah 3:11-13; Micah 2:12, 7:18; Romans 9:6-8, 27f<\/h3>\n

        12.14 The Anointed Deliverer Isaiah 61:1-11 and Luke 4:14-21<\/h2>\n

        12.15 The birth of the Messiah Isaiah 7:14; Isaiah 9:2-7<\/h2>\n

        12.16 The Songs of the Servant in Isaiah<\/h2>\n

        12.16.1\u00a0 42:1-4; \u00a0Luke 3:21-22<\/h3>\n

        12.16.2\u00a0 49:1\u20136; Luke 2:29-32; Jesus the prophet<\/h3>\n

        12.16.3\u00a0 50:4\u20139;<\/h3>\n

        12.17 The Song of the Suffering Servant Isaiah 52:13\u201353:12.<\/h2>\n

        12.17.1\u00a0 53:3 John 1:10-11<\/h3>\n

        12.17.2\u00a0 53:4 Matthew 8:16-17<\/h3>\n

        12.17.3\u00a0 53:5 Romans 4:25; Hebrews 9:28<\/h3>\n

        12.17.4\u00a0 53:5-6 2 Corinthians 5:21; 1 Peter 2:21-25; Matthew 10:12-14; John 10:11-18<\/h3>\n

        12.17.5\u00a0 53:7 John 1:29, 36; Acts 8:34-35;<\/h3>\n

        12.17.6\u00a0 53:8-9 Luke 23:32; Matthew 27:57<\/h3>\n

        12.17.7\u00a0 53:10-11 1 Peter 3:18<\/h3>\n

        12.17.8\u00a0 53:12 Luke 22:37; Mark 14:24; Mark 10:45<\/h3>\n

        12.18 The Messiah\u2019s Banquet Isaiah 25:6-12<\/h2>\n

        12.18.1\u00a0 Matthew 8:10-12; Luke 14:15-17; Matthew 22:1-10; Revelation 19:6-9; 3:20<\/h3>\n

        12.19 The Song of the Vineyard Isaiah 5:1-7<\/h2>\n

        12.19.1\u00a0 Psalm 80:8-18 Matthew 21:33-35; John 15:1-8; Matthew 7:15-19; Philippians 1:9f<\/h3>\n

        12.20 Christ the Cornerstone and the Stumbling Block Isaiah 28:16 and 8:13f<\/h2>\n

        12.20.1\u00a0 Luke 20:9-18; Acts 4:9-12 1; Peter 2:4-8; Ephesians 2:19-22;<\/h3>\n

        12.21 Power from on High Isaiah 32:14-18 and Luke 24:46-49<\/h2>\n

         <\/p>\n

        12.22 The New Heavens and the New Earth Isaiah 65:17-25<\/h2>\n

         <\/p>\n

        READING FOR UNIT 13\u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Motyer, J. Alec.\u00a0<\/strong>Isaiah<\/em><\/strong>. TOTC. InterVarsity Press, 1999.
        \n<\/strong>Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart How to Read the Bible Book by Book<\/em> Zondervan 2002 pp 171-185
        \nIVP New Bible Dictionary<\/em> 3rd<\/sup> Edition article on Isaiah, Book of<\/em> <\/strong><\/p>\n

        13\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Story of the Monarchy<\/h1>\n

        13.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Introducing the Books of 1 & 2 Kings and 1 & 2 Chronicles<\/h2>\n

        \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

        The Book of 1 and 2 Kings<\/strong> was probably written during the second half of the Exile before 538 BC drawing extensively on earlier sources now lost (including those referred to in 1 Kings 11:41; 14:19; 14:29). 2 Kings ends with the release of King Jehoiachin from prison around 561 BC giving the earliest date of composition.<\/p>\n

        David\u2019s reign is the high point in the Monarchy (2 Samuel 7:11-16). God remained faithful to his descendants (1 Ki. 6:12; 11:12\u201313, 36; 2 Ki. 8:19; 19:34) because of David\u2019s loyalty to Yahweh which is the standard by which later kings are judged (e.g. 1 Ki. 9:4; 2 Ki. 22:2). So the destiny of the whole nation is linked to the behaviour of the King (2 Ki. 21:11\u201315).<\/p>\n

        The book seeks to explain why God brought judgment on his chosen people by taking them into Exile in Babylon. The simple reason was the Kings both of Israel (the Northern Kingdom) and Judah (the Southern Kingdom) \u201calmost without exception, were hopelessly flawed\u201d. The Kings failed to eradicate idolatry (e.g. 1 Kings 14:15-16; 2 Kings 21:13-14) and the alternative \u201chigh places\u201d of worship of false gods (2 Kings 12:2-3). At the same time, \u201cBoth good and bad human actions are taken up by God and used to forward his overarching purposes. He is a God who works out those purposes in history, both by means of and in spite of sinful human beings.
        \n(J.J. Bimson, (1994).         1 and 2 Kings<\/a>. In D. A. Carson, R. T. France, J. A. Motyer, & G. J. Wenham (Eds.), New Bible commentary: 21st century edition (4th ed., p. 334). Inter-Varsity Press.)<\/p>\n

        The Book of 1 and 2 Chronicles<\/strong> assumes the return of the Exiles (1 Chronicles 3:17ff) so it is usually dated after 539 BC. Some think it was written by Ezra but others favour a later date, even in the 4th<\/sup> Century BC. This book covers the same period of history as 1 and 2 Kings but the Chronicler has different interests.<\/p>\n

        His first focus is on the line of Davidic Kings in the Southern Kingdom of Judah (the true Israel) starting from the life of David and he has little interest in the Northern Kingdom. However his extensive lists of genealogies shows he is keen to establish continuity from the original sons of Israel through the Twelve Tribes through to the Exiles returning to rebuild Jerusalem.<\/p>\n

        His second great interest is Solomon\u2019s Temple and its priests, the descendents of Aaron, and in its worship, which offer a pattern for the life and worship of the rebuilt Second Temple in his own era. The Chronicler also cares about the principle of retribution, that sin is always punished but if people repent there is the hope of forgiveness.<\/p>\n

        13.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A Timeline for the Kings of Judah and Israel and for the Prophets<\/h2>\n

         <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
        Southern prophets<\/td>\nSouthern Kingdom of JUDAH<\/strong><\/td>\nTIMELINE<\/strong><\/td>\nNorthern Kingdom of ISRAEL<\/strong><\/td>\nNorthern prophets<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        c.<\/em> 810\u2013750 Joel<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        c<\/em>. 742\u2013687 Micah<\/p>\n

        c<\/em>. 740\u2013700 Isaiah<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        c.<\/em>664\u2013612 Nahum<\/p>\n

        \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

        c.<\/em>640 Zephaniah<\/p>\n

        c.<\/em>621\u2013580 Jeremiah<\/p>\n

        c.<\/em>605 Habakkuk<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

        c.<\/em> Obadiah<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

        c.<\/em> 520 Haggai<\/p>\n

        c. <\/em>520 Zechariah<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        c.<\/em> 460 Malachi<\/p>\n

         <\/td>\n

        		Rehoboam<\/p>\n

        Abijam<\/p>\n

        Asa<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Jehoshaphat<\/p>\n

        Jehoram<\/p>\n

        Ahaziah<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Athaziah<\/p>\n

        Joash
        \nAmaziah<\/p>\n

        Azariah (=Uzziah)<\/p>\n

        Jotham<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Ahaz<\/p>\n

        Hezekiah<\/p>\n

        Manasseh<\/p>\n

        Amon<\/p>\n

        Josiah<\/p>\n

        Jehoahaz\/Jehoiakim<\/p>\n

        605 (Daniel taken to Babylon)<\/p>\n

        Jehoiachin<\/p>\n

        Jerusalem taken by Nebuchadnezzar II
        \n<\/strong>Many Jews exiled.<\/p>\n

        Zedekiah<\/p>\n

        FALL OF JERUSALEM<\/strong><\/p>\n

        More Jews into exile<\/p>\n

        RETURN of the Exiles<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Zerubbabel, Sheshbazzar and others return to Jerusalem<\/p>\n

        537 Rebuilding of the temple begun<\/p>\n

        Temple-building resumed<\/p>\n

        Temple completed <\/strong><\/p>\n

        Ezra<\/p>\n

        Nehemiah<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/td>\n

        		931<\/u><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 931<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

        913\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 910<\/p>\n

        910\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 909<\/p>\n

        886<\/p>\n

        870\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 885<\/p>\n

        848\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 874<\/p>\n

        841\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 853<\/p>\n

        852<\/p>\n

        841\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 841<\/p>\n

        835<\/p>\n

        796\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 814<\/p>\n

        767\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 798<\/p>\n

        740\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 782<\/p>\n

        753<\/p>\n

        752<\/p>\n

        742<\/p>\n

        740<\/p>\n

        732\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 732<\/p>\n

        716\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 722<\/u>\u00a0 <\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0687<\/p>\n

        642<\/p>\n

        640<\/p>\n

        609<\/p>\n

        605<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        597<\/p>\n

        597<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        597<\/p>\n

        587<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

        538<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        537<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        520<\/p>\n

        520<\/p>\n

        516<\/p>\n

        458-<\/p>\n

        445-433<\/td>\n

        		Jeroboam I<\/p>\n

        Nadab<\/p>\n

        Baasha<\/p>\n

        Elah<\/p>\n

        Zimri \/ Tibni \/ Omri<\/p>\n

        Ahab<\/p>\n

        Ahaziah<\/p>\n

        Joram<\/p>\n

        Jehu<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Jehoahaz<\/p>\n

        Jehoash<\/p>\n

        Jeroboam II<\/p>\n

        Zechariah<\/p>\n

        Shallum \/ Menahem<\/p>\n

        Pekahiah<\/p>\n

        Pekah<\/p>\n

        Hoshea<\/p>\n

        FALL OF SAMARIA<\/strong><\/p>\n

         <\/td>\n

        		 <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Elijah<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Elisha<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        c.<\/em> 760 Jonah<\/p>\n

        c.<\/em> 760 Amos<\/p>\n

        c<\/em>. 760\u2013722 Hosea<\/p>\n

         <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

         <\/p>\n

        13.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Northern Kingdom of Israel<\/h2>\n

        13.3.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Jeroboam leads the people into idol worship 1 Kings 12:25-33; 13:1-6, 33-34<\/h3>\n

        13.3.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ahijah declares God\u2019s judgment on the Northern Kingdom 1 Kings 14:6-16<\/h3>\n

        13.3.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bad Kings: Nadab, Baasha, Elab, Zimri, Tibni and Omri<\/h3>\n

        13.3.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 An even worse King \u2013 Ahab and Jezebel<\/h3>\n

        1 Kings 16:29-34;\u00a0 Naboth\u2019s Vineyard 1 Kings 21;\u00a0 Jezebel killed 2 Kings 9:40<\/h3>\n

        13.3.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God\u2019s Prophets Elijah 1 Kings 17f.<\/h3>\n

        Contest on Mount Carmel 1 Kings 18.
        \nGod appears to Elijah on Horeb 1 Kings 19.
        \nFire from heaven 2 Kings 1.
        \nElisha is taken up to heaven in a chariot of fire 2 Kings 2<\/h3>\n

        13.3.6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Elisha 1 Kings 19:19f, 2 Kings 2-9, 2 Kings 13:14f. See UNIT 18 ESSAY C.<\/h3>\n

        13.3.7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Jehu \u2013 a good and bad King 2 Kings 10:28-31<\/h3>\n

        13.3.8\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Fall of Samaria in 722 BC \u2013 God\u2019s judgment on the sins of Israel 2 Kings 17<\/h3>\n

        13.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Southern Kingdom of Judah<\/h2>\n

        13.4.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Judah started worshipping the false gods of the Canaanites 1 Kings 14:22-31<\/h3>\n

        13.4.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Asa was a Good King 1 Kings 15:9-15; so was Jehoshaphat 1 Kings 22:41f.<\/h3>\n

        13.4.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Joash repaired the Temple 2 Kings 12<\/h3>\n

        13.4.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Warnings from the Prophets Micah and Isaiah<\/h3>\n

        13.4.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Good King Hezekiah brings Judah back to God
        \n2 Kings 18 and repents 2 Kings 19<\/h3>\n

        13.4.6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bad King Manasseh reinstates Baal worship,<\/h3>\n

        makes an Asherah pole and sacrifices his own son in the fire 2 Kings 21:1-9
        \nbringing judgment on Judah 2 Kings 21:10-16.<\/h3>\n

        13.4.7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Josiah discovers the Book of the Law (Deuteronomy) and renews the covenant 2 Kings 22-23; 2 Chronicles 34-35<\/h3>\n

        13.4.8\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 More warnings: Jeremiah<\/h3>\n

        13.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Fall of Jerusalem in 587 BC 2 Kings 25<\/h2>\n

         <\/p>\n

        READING FOR UNIT 13<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart How to Read the Bible Book by Book<\/em> Zondervan 2002 pp 91-107<\/strong><\/p>\n

        IVP New Bible Dictionary <\/em>3rd<\/sup> Edition article on Kings, Book of<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

        Tremper Longman III\u00a0 Old Testament Essentials Creation, Conquest, Exile and Return<\/em> IVP 2014 chapter 15<\/p>\n

        14\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Consequences \u2013 Judah is taken into Exile<\/h1>\n

        \u00a0JEREMIAH & LAMENTATIONS, EZEKIEL & DANIEL<\/strong><\/h1>\n

        14.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Consequences of disobedience<\/h2>\n

        14.1.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God\u2019s warnings in advance<\/h3>\n

        The nation of Israel was warned against idolatry from the earliest times in the Law, in the Second Commandment Exodus 20:3-4 and repeatedly e.g. Exodus 34:10-17. God warned of curses for disobedience Deuteronomy 28:15-68. As they renewed the Covenant in Deuteronomy 29-30, Moses had urged the Israelites, \u201cNow choose life\u201d. <\/em>\u00a0Even at that time, Israel\u2019s rebellion was predicted: Deuteronomy 31:15-18, 20-21, 29; 32:15-38.<\/p>\n

        God warned Solomon that if Israel followed foreign gods the Temple would be destroyed. 1 Kings 9:1-9. See also Solomons\u2019s prayer in 2 Chronicles 6:36-39 and the warning in 2 Chronicles 7:19-22.<\/p>\n

        The Northern Kingdom of Israel had been invaded by the Assyrians and Samaria had fallen in 722 BC.<\/p>\n

        Isaiah brought many warnings, not only of judgments on foreign nations in Isaiah 14-21, 23-24, 34, but also on Israel in e.g. Isaiah 2:6-22 (day 2:12); 3:1-4:1, 5:7-30; 6:11-13; 9:8-10:4; 13:6-13.<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        14.1.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Events of the Fall of Jerusalem and of the Exile<\/h3>\n

        The sins of King Manasseh 2 Kings 21:1-9 bring God\u2019s judgment 2 Kings 21:10-15 and even Josiah\u2019s renewal of the covenant could not save Judah 2 Kings 23:26-27; 2 Chronicles 34:24-28.<\/p>\n

        Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon besieged Jerusalem 2 Kings 24:10-17 taking King Jehoiachin (and Daniel) into captivity. 10 years later he destroyed the whole city and took all the people into exile. 2 Kings 25.<\/p>\n

        14.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Book of the Prophet JEREMIAH<\/h2>\n

        Prophesying in Jerusalem c.621-580 BC from the reign of Josiah until after the Fall of Jerusalem and Judah was taken into Exile, bringing warnings of judgment and messages of hope, as well as a note of realism to the Exiles. Jeremiah\u2019s Important messages include these.<\/strong><\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        1:1-7 God calls Jeremiah to deliver a message of judgment 1:11-16, and makes promises 1:8-10, 17-19<\/p>\n

        2:7 Challenging Israel\u2019s priests<\/p>\n

        2:11-13, 18-19 Israel is forsaking the spring of living water and building broken cisterns<\/p>\n

        7:1-29 The dangers of Empty Religion Jeremiah<\/p>\n

        11:18\u201323 Jeremiah\u2019s sufferings for being a prophet 18:18; 20:1\u20136; 37:15ff; 38:6; 4:19\u201321; 10:19ff<\/p>\n

        13:13-14: Challenging Israel\u2019s leaders<\/p>\n

        Ch.14 Denouncing false prophets e.g. Jeremiah 14<\/p>\n

        Ch.18 The potter and the clay<\/p>\n

        21:1-10 Judgment is now inevitable and exile in Babylon is inescapable 21:9, 24:4-7<\/p>\n

        Ch.22 Challenging Judah\u2019s kings (with the exception
        \nof Josiah in 22:15-16)<\/p>\n

        23:9-40 Challenging the false prophets<\/p>\n

        25:1-14; 29:4-10 Seventy years in Exile<\/p>\n

        Ch.29 God\u2019s perfect plan<\/p>\n

        31:1-8, 17; 23:7-8 The hope of return<\/p>\n

        Jeremiah 31:31ff The promise of a New Covenant<\/p>\n

        14.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Book of LAMENTATIONS is also attributed to Jeremiah<\/h2>\n

        Five poems on the consequences of sin, the tragedy of the Fall of Jerusalem and of the Exile.<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        14.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 THE BOOK OF THE PROPHET EZEKIEL<\/h2>\n

        Ezekiel c.592-570 was already in Babylon when he prophesied around the same time as Jeremiah. He delivered 52 oracles, often using prophetic symbolism, introduced by \u2018the word of the Lord came to me\u2019 (a verbal message from God) or \u2018the hand of the Lord was upon me\u2019 (a vision). Chapters 1-32 foretell God\u2019s judgment in the Fall of Jerusalem (recorded in Ezekiel 33:21-22). Chapters 33-48 bring messages of hope to the Exiles. These are the key messages of the chapters.<\/strong><\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Ch.2 Call of the prophet. Ezekiel is to be the watchman 3:16f (recommissioned in 33:1f)<\/p>\n

        Chs.6-7, 11 God\u2019s Judgment on Israel, on idolatry in the Temple Ch.8 and on idol worshippers Chs.9, 14<\/p>\n

        Ch.10 God\u2019s glory departs from the Temple<\/p>\n

        Ch.12 The exile is foretold<\/p>\n

        Ch.13 Judgment on false prophets<\/p>\n

        Ch.15 Jerusalem is the useless vine,\u00a0 and the adulterous wife Chs.16, 23<\/p>\n

        Chs.18, 22 The one who sins will die<\/p>\n

        Ch.21 Babylon is God\u2019s sword of judgment<\/p>\n

        Chs. 25-32 Judgment on other nations<\/p>\n

        33:21-33 Exile as God\u2019s judgment on Israel\u2019s sins, for profaning God\u2019s holy name 36:16-23<\/p>\n

        Ch.34 The Lord will be Israel\u2019s shepherd, in contrast to Israel\u2019s leaders who were bad shepherds<\/p>\n

        36:24-32 The promise of cleansing and a new heart<\/p>\n

        37:1-14 The valley of dry bones<\/p>\n

        37:15-28 The Covenant with David will be reestablished<\/p>\n

        Chs.40-42 The Temple will be rebuilt and God\u2019s glory will return Ch.43.<\/p>\n

        Ch.44 The priests will be restored and sacrifices offered again Chs.45-46<\/p>\n

        Ch. 47 A river of blessing will flow out from the new Temple<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        14.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 THE BOOK OF DANIEL<\/h2>\n

        Daniel was one of the exiles and this book gives an inspiring example of living the life of faith even in exile, \u201cnourished on the knowledge of God (11:32b), consecration to him (1:8; 3:17\u201318; 6:6\u201310), and fellowship with him in prayer (2:17\u201318; 6:10; 9:3; 10:2\u20133, 12). It draws its confidence from the knowledge that God is sovereign over all human affairs (2:19\u201320; 3:17; 4:34\u201335), and that he is building his own kingdom (2:44\u201345; 4:34; 6:26; 7:14). Our times are in his hands (1:2; 5:26), \u2026 (10:12\u201314, 20). He is a God who makes himself and his purposes known, so that his people may know him and rely on his word (1:17b; 2:19, 28\u201330, 47). Such knowledge enables God\u2019s people to resist pressure knowing that they will share in the fulfilment of his kingdom (7:22, 26\u201327; 12:2\u20133).\u201d (S.B. Ferguson, (1994). Daniel<\/a>. In D. A. Carson, R. T. France, J. A. Motyer, & G. J. Wenham (Eds.), New Bible commentary: (4th ed., pp. 745\u2013747). Inter-Varsity Press.)<\/p>\n

        Daniel is an example of \u2018apocalyptic\u2019 literature, similar to Ezekiel and Zechariah\u2019s visions e.g Ezekiel 1, Zechariah 1-6, and also Mark 13 and much of the Book of Revelation. It is written in two languages, Hebrew (1:1\u20132:4a; 8:1\u201312:13) and Aramaic (2:4b\u20137:28). Chapters 1\u20136 are biographical and 7\u201312 are \u2018apocalyptic\u2019. Chs. 2 and 7 present visions of four world kingdoms set over against the kingdom of God; Chs. 3 and 6 are narratives of miraculous divine deliverances; Chs. 4 and 5 describe God\u2019s judgment on world rulers. Thus, the motifs employed in Chs. 2, 3 and 4 reappear in reverse order in Chs. 5, 6 and 7.<\/p>\n

        Note \u2013 conservative scholars date Daniel in the 6th<\/sup> Century BC, treating it as history written soon after the events, whereas liberals prefer the 2nd<\/sup> Century BC during the fierce persecution of the Jews by Antiochus Epiphanes, linking Daniel 11:31 to the desecration of the Temple in 167 BC.
        \nKey passages in Daniel include these.<\/strong><\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Ch.1 Daniel\u2019s purity and partial fasting<\/p>\n

        Ch.2 Daniel interprets Nebuchadnezzar\u2019s Dream<\/p>\n

        Ch.3 Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego and the fiery furnace<\/p>\n

        Ch.4 Nebuchadnezzar praises The Most High, the King of Heaven<\/p>\n

        Ch.5 Belshazzar\u2019s feast and the writing on the wall<\/p>\n

        Ch.6 Daniel in the lion\u2019s den<\/p>\n

        7:9-14 The Ancient of Days and the Son of Man<\/p>\n

        Ch.9 Daniel\u2019s prayer<\/p>\n

        Ch.10 Daniel\u2019s vision of \u2018one who looked like a man\u2019 and the heavenly war<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        14.6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Some Questions for Today<\/h2>\n

        14.6.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 How should the historical uniqueness of Israel in God\u2019s plan of salvation in the Old Testament shape our preaching and teaching on these Books and events?
        \ne.g. 2 Chronicles 7:14<\/h3>\n

        14.6.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 God is Sovereign (see Excursus on pages 11-12). So in what ways do we see God acting as Sovereign in the world today?<\/h3>\n

        14.6.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Does God still bring judgment on nations?<\/h3>\n

        14.6.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 What is the place of the nation-state of Israel in God\u2019s purposes today?<\/h3>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        READING FOR UNIT 14<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart How to Read the Bible Book by Book<\/em> Zondervan 2002 pp 186-210<\/strong><\/p>\n

        IVP New Bible Dictionary <\/em>3rd<\/sup> Edition article on Jeremiah, Book of; Ezekiel, Book of; Daniel, Book of<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

        Tremper Longman III\u00a0 Old Testament Essentials Creation, Conquest, Exile and Return<\/em> IVP 2014 chapter 17<\/p>\n

        15\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Return and Rebuilding\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 EZRA & NEHEMIAH<\/strong><\/h1>\n

        15.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The History behind Ezra and Nehemiah<\/h2>\n

        722 BC \u00a0Assyrians took control of the Northern Kingdom of Israel (2 Kings 17)
        \n587 BC \u00a0Fall of Jerusalem to the Babylonians, Judeans taken into exile
        \n538 BC Cyrus and the Persian Empire took control of the Babylonian Empire
        \n458 BC Ezra travelled to Jerusalem (Ezra 7:7)<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        15.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 THE BOOK OF EZRA<\/h2>\n

        The Persian King Cyrus recognised Yahweh\u2019s Sovereignty over his kingdom and his call to rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem (1:2-4 and he returned the Temple objects to the exiles (1:7-11).<\/p>\n

        42,360 exiles returned to Jerusalem in 539 BC and to their former towns (2:64). They rebuilt the altar and celebrated the feast of Tabernacles (3:1-6) and in the second year (538 BC) Zerubbabel led them all to lay the foundations for the Temple (3:7-13).<\/p>\n

        The neighbouring peoples (ancestors of the Samaritans) offered to help but Zerubbabel and the leaders would not let them (4.3). So the neighbours fiercely opposed the rebuilding of the temple, stirring up trouble with successive Persian Kings by accusing the Jews of rebellion. So King Artaxerxes shut down the rebuilding project (4:17-24) for around 15 years.<\/p>\n

        Around 520 BC Haggai and Zechariah the prophets urged the Israelites to restart rebuilding the Temple (5:1, 6:14, see also references below). The Israelites appealed to the new King Darius, reminding him that Cyrus had authorised the rebuilding and Darius commanded the work be fully funded and completed (6:2-12). So the Temple was finished in 515 BC and dedicated and the Passover celebrated (6:13-22).<\/p>\n

        (NOTE \u2013 a gap in the story here of around 60 years.)<\/p>\n

        Around 458 BC King Artaxerxes I (dates could be different if this refers to Artaxerxes II) sent the teacher Ezra to Jerusalem to teach the people and enforce God\u2019s Law (7:13-28). The Israelites had fallen to marrying women from the surrounding pagan tribes. Ezra interceded for the people (9:5-15), led the nation in repentance (10-17) and purified the people.<\/p>\n

        (NOTE \u2013 in the Hebrew Ezra and Nehemiah are just one book and the story flows directly on.)<\/p>\n

        15.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 THE BOOK OF NEHEMIAH<\/h2>\n

        Around 13 years later Nehemiah the cupbearer to King Artaxerxes heard about problems over the walls of Jerusalem and interceded with God (Nehemiah 1:1-11). God gave him an opportunity and Nehemiah prayed and then spoke up to the King (2:1-5) So Artaxerxes sent Nehemiah to Jerusalem with authority to rebuild the walls.<\/p>\n

        Once again the local neighbours opposed the rebuilding. So the work progressed with half the workers building and the other half on guard (4:16-18). Nehemiah brought justice for the poor, and fed many of them himself(ch.5). Their opponents plotted against Nehemiah (ch.6) but the work was completed.<\/p>\n

        Ezra read the book of the Law to all the people (8:1-6, 18). The people confessed their sins and repented (9:1-4). They recited the great acts of God\u2019s salvation (9:1-37) and committed themselves to keep the Law, maintain the Temple and support the priests.<\/p>\n

        They dedicated the walls of Jerusalem (12:27-43) and Nehemiah instituted further reforms to purify the people.<\/p>\n

        15.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The key messages in Ezra and Nehemiah<\/h2>\n
          \n
        • The Sovereign God is in control of history. (See Excursus on pages 11-12) God works through foreign powers (Ezra 1:1, 6:1) Persian leaders are supportive, neighbouring leaders are opposed to the rebuilding work. See also below.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

           <\/p>\n

            \n
          • The Temple and the city of Jerusalem are central to God\u2019s plan of salvation and the identity of Israel. So continuity with pre-exilic Israel matters. Those returning are heirs of God\u2019s promises to the Patriarchs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

             <\/p>\n

              \n
            • The restoration happened in a repeated pattern of return, opposition, then success, giving inspiring examples of faithfulness and persistence by the returning exiles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

               <\/p>\n

                \n
              • Reading of the law and recommitment to the covenant (Nehemiah 8-10). But keeping the covenant is not the way to earn God\u2019s blessing, but rather the appropriate response to that blessing (Nehemiah 11-13)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                15.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The role of Haggai<\/h2>\n

                The challenge to rebuild the Temple (ch.1)<\/p>\n

                The promise that \u201cthe glory of this present house will be greater than the glory of the former house\u201d<\/em> (2:9)<\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                15.6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The role of Zechariah<\/h2>\n

                The call to return to God (1:1-6) and God\u2019s promises for Jerusalem and the Temple (1:7-17, 2:10-13)<\/p>\n

                <\/h2>\n

                15.7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Covenant Faithfulness of God<\/h2>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                READING FOR UNIT 15<\/strong><\/p>\n

                Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart How to Read the Bible Book by Book<\/em> Zondervan 2002 pp 108-113, 252-261<\/strong><\/p>\n

                IVP New Bible Dictionary <\/em>3rd<\/sup> Edition article on Ezra, Book of <\/em>and Nehemiah, Book of <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

                Tremper Longman III\u00a0 Old Testament Essentials Creation, Conquest, Exile and Return<\/em> IVP 2014 chapter 17<\/p>\n

                16\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Minor Prophets<\/h1>\n

                16.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Place of the Prophets in the History of Judah and Israel<\/h2>\n

                 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
                \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                Prophets to the Southern Kingdom of Judah<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n

                		\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                Prophets to the Northern Kingdom of Israel<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                Joel (810-750 BC)
                \n<\/strong>Return to God 2:12-14<\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                Isaiah (c.740-700 BC)<\/p>\n

                \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                Micah (c.740-687 BC)
                \n<\/strong>Doom yet hope for the remnant 2:12f; 4:f; 5:6f; 7:18<\/p>\n


                \nZephaniah (c.640-610 BC)<\/strong>
                \nJudgment coming on the day of the LORD 1:7-3:20<\/p>\n

                Nahum (c.630-612 BC)
                \n<\/strong>God\u2019s anger with Assyria\u2019s sin 1:2<\/p>\n

                Habakkuk (c.600 BC)<\/strong>
                \nWalking by faith 2:4<\/p>\n

                Jeremiah c.627-587 BC<\/p>\n

                >>>>> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0THE FALL OF JERUSALEM 587 BC<\/strong><\/p>\n

                Daniel c.604-535 BC)<\/p>\n

                Ezekiel c.592-570 BC<\/p>\n

                Obadiah (?587 BC)<\/strong>
                \nGod\u2019s judgment on Edom 1:2-3<\/p>\n

                >>>>>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 EXILES RETURN TO JERUSALEM 538 BC<\/strong><\/p>\n

                Zechariah (c.520 BC)<\/strong>
                \nGod is Sovereign 4:6<\/p>\n

                Haggai (c.520 BC)<\/strong>
                \nRepentance will bring blessings 2:9<\/p>\n

                Malachi (c.450 BC)<\/strong>
                \nGod will purify his people 3:1-4; 7-10<\/td>\n

                		\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                (((<\/strong> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Elijah 870-852 BC) and Elisha (852-795)\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0)))<\/strong><\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                Jonah (c.760 BC
                \n<\/strong>Prejudice and repentance (by Jonah and Nineveh)<\/p>\n

                Amos (c.760 BC)
                \n<\/strong>5:24 \u2013\u00a0 Hope 9:11-15 in the face of judgment 7:1-6<\/p>\n

                Hosea (c.760-722 BC)
                \n<\/strong>God\u2019s faithfulness based on his covenant 2:14f; 14:9<\/p>\n

                \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                >>>>>\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0THE FALL OF SAMARIA c.722 BC<\/strong><\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                =====================================<\/p>\n

                ALL DATES ARE APPROXIMATE
                \nThey refer to the years of the prophet\u2019s activity.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                These dates are taken
                \nfrom Balchin, J. A. (1994). The Song of Songs.<\/em>
                \nIn D. A. Carson, R. T. France, J. A. Motyer, & G. J. Wenham (Eds.), New Bible commentary:
                \n21st century edition<\/em> (4th ed., p. 628). Leicester, England; Downers Grove, IL: Inter-Varsity Press.<\/p>\n

                =====================================<\/p>\n

                 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                16.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The essence of biblical prophecy \u2013 origin, not content<\/h2>\n

                16.2.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Aaron as Moses\u2019s prophet (Exodus 7:1-2)<\/h3>\n

                16.2.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The danger of false prophets (Deuteronomy 13:2-5; 18:21-22)<\/h3>\n

                16.2.3 \u201cThus says the Lord\u201d<\/em> \u00a0\u00a0(Isa. 51:16; Jer. 1:9; etc.<\/em>; cf.<\/em> Deut. 18:18; 1 Sam. 15:10; 2 Sam. 7:4; 24:11; Is. 38:4; Ezek. 1:3; Jonah 1:1; 2 Kgs. 20:4; cf.<\/em> 1 Kgs. 18:1; Jer. 42:7; Ezek. 3:16; Zech 1:7).<\/h3>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                16.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Justice & Righteousness \u00a0Amos 5:21-25; Micah 3:8; Malachi 2:17-3:5; 3:13-4:3.<\/h2>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                16.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hope \u00a0Amos 9:11-15; Micah 2:12\u201313; 4:6\u20137; 5:6\u20137; 7:18; Zephaniah 3:13-17.<\/h2>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                16.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Day of the Lord<\/h2>\n

                16.5.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Judgment for their sin on foreign nations<\/h3>\n

                Isaiah 2:12; Zephaniah 1:14-18; 3:6-8; Joel 2:31; 3:14; Obadiah 15; Ezekiel 30:2-4 specifically on Babylon, Isaiah. 13:6, 9; on Egypt, Jeremiah. 46:10; on Edom, Obadiah 15.<\/h3>\n

                16.5.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Judgment on Israel too<\/h3>\n

                Amos 5:18f; Isaiah. 2:12f.; Ezekiel 13:5; Joel 1:15; 2:1, 11; Zephaniah 1:7, 14; Zechariah 14:1.<\/h3>\n

                16.5.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Repentant believers will be saved Joel 2:28-3:2 especially 2:32 fulfilled in Acts 2.<\/h3>\n

                16.5.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 See also God\u2019s promises listed in UNITS 13 and 14<\/h3>\n

                Especially in Isaiah 2, 9, 10, 11, 25, 40, 42, 43, 45, 49,60, 61, 65, Jeremiah 31 and Ezekiel 36.<\/h3>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                 <\/p>\n

                READING FOR UNIT 16<\/strong><\/p>\n

                IVP New Bible Dictionary <\/em>3rd<\/sup> Edition article on Day of the Lord<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

                Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart How to Read the Bible Book by Book<\/em> Zondervan 2002 pp 211-265<\/p>\n

                Tremper Longman III\u00a0 Old Testament Essentials Creation, Conquest, Exile and Return<\/em> IVP 2014 chapter 16<\/p>\n

                17\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ESSAY TOPICS<\/h1>\n

                Students each choose a different topic. At the end of the week you will then read your own essay and introduce a short discussion in a 25 minute mini-seminar.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                Each student will write an essay on one of the topics below. MAXIMUM NUMBER OF WORDS is<\/strong>
                \nincluding footnotes but not including bibliography. You should show the word count.<\/p>\n

                The DEADLINE for the essays will be <\/strong><\/p>\n

                On Friday morning in the mini-seminars students will present their essays in turn for 25 minutes.<\/p>\n

                The set reading below will be provided in folders and further recommended reading will be suggested for each essay. You are welcome to find other reading in the library or from other sources.<\/p>\n

                Essays are not sermons. They should focus on the meaning of the passage or topic, explaining its context and any particularly significant words or phrases, and its significance for the life and faith of Israel. Essays may conclude with brief applications to Christian faith and living.<\/p>\n

                \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                Discuss the meaning and significance of ONE of the following in the history and the faith of Israel.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. The <\/strong>book of Jonah<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart How to Read the Bible Book by Book<\/em> Zondervan 2002 pp 231-234.
                  \n<\/strong>IVP New Bible Dictionary <\/em>3rd<\/sup> edition 1996 pp 603-604.
                  \nIVP New Bible Commentary<\/em> on the book of Jonah.
                  \nYou will also want to consult commentaries on the Book of Jonah.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                   <\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. The Book of Esther <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart How to Read the Bible Book by Book<\/em> Zondervan 2002 pp 114-118
                    \n<\/strong>IVP New Bible Dictionary <\/em>3rd<\/sup> edition 1996 pp 341.
                    \nIVP New Bible Commentary<\/em> on the Book of Esther<\/em>
                    \nYou will also want to consult commentaries on the Book of Esther.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    v<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. The life of Elisha<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      IVP New Bible Dictionary <\/em>3rd<\/sup> edition 1996 pp 313-314
                      \nJohn Goldingay An Introduction to the Old Testament<\/em> IVP 2016 pp 196-197
                      \nYou will also want to consult commentaries on 1 Kings 19:19ff and 2 Kings 2-8.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                       <\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. Jerusalem<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        IVP New Bible Dictionary <\/em>3rd<\/sup> edition 1996 pp 557-563
                        \nYou will want to find other reading in the library.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          \n
                        1. The Temple <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                          IVP New Bible Dictionary <\/em>3rd<\/sup> edition 1996 pp 1156-1161
                          \nTremper Longman III\u00a0 Old Testament Essentials Creation \u2026.<\/em> IVP 2014 p<\/strong>p 103-115<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                            \n
                          1. The Royal Psalms (Psalms 2, 18, 20,21, 45, 72, 101, 110, 132, 144) <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                            IVP New Bible Dictionary <\/em>3rd<\/sup> edition 1996 p 984 section on The Messianic psalms.
                            \nIVP New Bible Commentary<\/em> on the Book of Psalms<\/em>You will also want to consult other commentaries on the Psalms.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                            18\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 SEMINAR TOPIC<\/h1>\n

                            Our final session will be a discussion on the following topic.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                             <\/p>\n

                            How should Christians understand Creation and Evolution \u2013 Science and Faith? <\/strong><\/p>\n

                            \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                            Key Questions<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              \n
                            1. What kind of literature do we find in Genesis chapters 1 and 2?<\/strong><\/li>\n
                            2. What does the word \u201cday\u201d mean as it appears in these chapters?<\/strong><\/li>\n
                            3. Is the interpretation we have of Genesis chapters 1 and 2 an issue necessary for salvation, or is it a secondary issue where Christians might legitimately hold different understandings? <\/strong><\/li>\n
                            4. How do we present the gospel and defend the authority of Scripture in a world shaped by a scientific world view?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                              \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              Everybody should prepare to participate. As well as the set reading you should find other reading for yourself in the library. For the seminar it is important that you think through these important issues for yourself and be ready to explain your own understanding, particularly of Genesis chapters 1 and 2.<\/p>\n

                              Set Reading:<\/p>\n

                              Peter Thomas In the Beginning: Six Sermons <\/em>(FOLDER)<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              John Goldingay An Introduction to the Old Testament<\/em> IVP 2016 pages 26-29, 60-63 (in library)<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              IVP New Bible Dictionary 3rd<\/sup> Edition 1996\u00a0 G.J.Wenham Creation\u00a0 <\/em>(book in library)<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              IVP New Dictionary of Biblical Theology 2000 L.H.Osborn\u00a0 Creation\u00a0 <\/em>(FOLDER)<\/p>\n

                               <\/p>\n

                               <\/p>\n

                              19\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 WORDS OF ETERNAL LIFE<\/h1>\n

                              A FINAL EXERCISE FOR YOUR OWN REFLECTION<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              \u201cI have hidden your word in my heart that I might not sin against you.\u201d<\/em> (Psalm 119:11)<\/p>\n

                              From all the passages you have studied in the Old Testament, select TEN which you think it would benefit every Christian to learn by memory, not just pastors. Learn them yourself and share them with your churches.<\/p>\n

                               <\/p>\n

                               <\/p>\n

                               <\/p>\n

                               <\/p>\n

                               <\/p>\n

                               <\/p>\n

                               <\/p>\n

                              \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              BIBLE QUOTATIONS<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              In this course manual unless stated otherwise BIBLE QUOTATIONS are taken from
                              \n<\/strong>The Holy Bible, New International Version<\/em><\/strong> (Anglicised edition) Copyright \u00a91979, 1984, 2011 by Biblica (formerly International Bible Society). Hodder & Stoughton.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              Other recommended translations are New Revised Standard Version, New Living Translation, Good News Bible, <\/em>and as a paraphrase Eugene Peterson\u2019s The Message.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                              I had the privilege of lecturing to first and second year students at Kaniki Bible University College near Ndola in Zambia this summer. Here is…<\/span><\/p>\n

                              Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/pbthomas.com\/thoughts\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/537"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/pbthomas.com\/thoughts\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/pbthomas.com\/thoughts\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/pbthomas.com\/thoughts\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/pbthomas.com\/thoughts\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=537"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/pbthomas.com\/thoughts\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/537\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":539,"href":"http:\/\/pbthomas.com\/thoughts\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/537\/revisions\/539"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/pbthomas.com\/thoughts\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=537"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/pbthomas.com\/thoughts\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=537"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/pbthomas.com\/thoughts\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=537"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}